oe Se SO 
THE CRANBERRY GIRDLER, 17 
During the season of 1916 a bog was observed which had the fol- 
lowing history: The winter flowage was drawn off on April 9. The 
first reflow lasted 54 days on the girdler-infested area, or from 
May 12 to May 18. The second reflow was held 36 hours, dating 
from May 31, and the third reflow was removed at the end of 18 
hours, on June 9. On June 12, three days later, girdler moths were 
found flying over the infested area, and since no other infestation 
existed near by, this was ample evidence that the three reflowings 
had not destroyed the immature stages. 
On one occasion a live pupa was collected in its cocoon where 
the reflow had lasted 54 days. The winter flowage had been drawn 
May 10, and the reflowing occurred from June 9 to June 15. Two 
weeks later girdler moths were very abundant on this area. These 
records indicate that spring reflows occurring during or near the 
pupa period and when held for periods lpstins as long as 54 days 
do not give control of the girdler. 
SANDING. 
There has been considerable hostility to the practice of sanding 
cranberry bogs by some of the New Jersey growers, due largely, it 
seems, to the fear of increasing the fungous troubles of this fruit. 
On the other hand, there are a few growers who, while not con- 
sistent “ sanders,” are greatly in favor of the practice although little, 
if any, experimental work has been performed in New Jersey to 
determine whether or not the losses due to fungous diseases have 
increased on sanded areas. It has long been customary in Massa- 
chusetts to sand the bogs, and such treatment has a well-recognized 
value in the control of certain cranberry insects, notably the cran- 
berry tipworm (Dasyneura vaccinti Smith) and the cranberry . 
girdler. 
Sand should be spread on the bog in the fall, winter, or early 
spring, preferably in late fall so as to have it become well settled 
around the vines by the winter fiowage. Occasionally, during cold 
weather, sand may be spread on the ice, resulting, when thawing 
ensues, in an even covering of the ground. For girdler infesta- 
_ tions a layer of sand not less than 1 inch in thickness is required, 
and it will be found far better on most New Jersey bogs that 
have not been sanded previously to apply a coat nearer 2 inches in 
thickness. The sand is of value in several ways: First, if the coat 
is sufficiently thick it prevents the emergence of the moths; and, 
second, it covers the trash on the bog floor, producing clean condi- 
tions unfavorable for girdler infestation. In locations where girdler 
injury has already. occurred it covers the injured vines, causing 
them to throw out new roots, and invigorating them to such an ex- 
tent that recovery is rapid. 
