20 BULLETIN 281, TJ. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
What unfavorable conditions of soil or climate may prevent the suc- 
cess of some club projects ? 
History. — Have pupils look up (in reference books at home or in 
the library) the original home and the historical place of each of the 
crops to be raised in club or project work, recording the native land 
and the date when each became available for human food. Trace 
also the modern improvement. How are new vegetables brought into 
use? How many have been domesticated during the last century? 
What vegetables popular elsewhere are never raised here ? Why ? 
Drawing. — A series of drawings to show the development of the 
germinating bean (or other seed) may be carried up to the opening 
of the true leaves. Make working drawings and bill for material for 
seed testers and seeding flats or shallow boxes. Make plan and pat- 
tern for an egg tester, also plans for suitable shipping cases for eggs. 
Draw school and home gardens to scale. 
Physiology. — Study the State and local laws covering all matters 
of sanitation and discover what needs are not covered by legislation. 
Water supply, sewage, infectious diseases, clean milk, and other laws 
are included. Is the rural section as. well protected by legislation as 
the city? What laws are there for the protection of the people from 
injury ? Compare the different methods of heating homes in the sec- 
tion as regards effectiveness of heating and opportunity for ventila- 
tion. Criticise the school heating and ventilation. Use manuals 
issued by the State department of public instruction, also bulletins 
of the board of health. 
Manual training. — Make seed testers and egg testers. Make win- 
dow boxes and seed "flats," which is the common name for shallow 
boxes for starting seepls. Make model of hotbed or cold frames. 
MARCH. 
Practical and field exercises. — Prepare for incubation. Pupils 
should consider local climate, also their own facilities for indoor 
brooding before deciding on date for setting. Visit successful poultry 
plant to observe incubator practice. (See Farmers' Buls. 585 and 
624.) Have a demonstration of how to preserve eggs. (See Farmers' 
Bui. 128.) Cold frames, if not already in use, must be prepared for 
seeds. Consult gardener's planting table. (See Farmers' Bui. 255, 
p. 46.) Start early plants of lettuce, tomatoes, asters, pansies, etc., 
under glass or in shallow boxes to be placed in windows. Have field 
demonstrations of grafting, pruning, and spraying as soon as the work 
can be done comfortably. Request the county extension represent- 
ative of the State college to assist you in this. Set out fruit trees as 
early as the ground can be fitted. (For apple-club members.) 
Language lessons. — Have prepared and mailed any necessary letters 
concerning club membership, seeds, fertilizers, or tools. Have pupils 
