40 BULLETIN 550, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGEICULTUEE. 
will not control it. When spraying can be employed these measures 
are unnecessary. 
A number of other measures reduce infestation and generally may 
be employed as a part of vineyard practice without additional 
expense. When commercial vineyards are infested, the worst areas 
should be harvested as early as possible and the ^trimmings" re- 
moved, to secure the largest weight for the crop and to remove as 
many larvae as possible from the vineyard. Clearing away brush 
in the neighborhood of a vineyard will destroy the protection for 
hibernating pupae with an ultimate reduction in infestation. When 
it is in keeping with cultural practice, pupae hibernating under the 
vines should be covered with earth in the spring by plowing, and this 
covering should remain until the period of blossoming of the grapes, 
when it should be removed with a horse hoe. This plowing should 
not be allowed to interfere with spraying. 
These practices, it must be remembered, while reducing infesta 
tion, will not control it, and they should not be expected in any way 
to take the place of spraying. 
The following spraying practice has been found most satisfactory: 
The spray mixture — 
Arsenate of lead — 
Paste pounds . . 3 
Or powder do 1| 
Resin fish-oil soap do 1 
Bordeaux mixture — 
Copper sulphate do 3 
Lime do 3 
Water gallons. . 50 
Method of application, with "trailers": 
Spray schedule — 
First application, immediately after falling of grape blossoms. 
Second application, when grape berries are just touching (or about two weeks 
later). 
Under some conditions it may be desirable to modify the spraying 
practice outlined above. 
In case of extremely heavy infestation the amount of arsenate of 
lead should be increased to 5 pounds (paste) or 2\ pounds (powder), 
at least in the last application. 
If resin fish-oil soap is not available a laundry soap containing 
resin may be substituted in its place. Laundry soaps, however, vary 
greatly in their sticking and spreading qualities, and great care 
should be used in selecting those best suited to this purpose. What- 
ever soap is used, care must be taken to have it thoroughly dissolved 
before adding it to the spray mixture to prevent clogging of the 
spraying machinery. 
The use of Bordeaux mixture, while not having a direct effect upon 
the berry moth, is recommended, to prevent burning of the grape 
