AC ALA COTTON IN CALIFORNIA 
39 
provements and not upon wide fluctuations that can be easily 
recognized. 
The breeding block is rogued carefully several times during the 
growing season and all off-type or rogue plants removed. Notes are 
taken on the progeny rows, and promising plants are tagged. In the 
fall additional individual plants or progenies are selected, the prog- 
eny rows are carefully studied and compared, and the most promis- 
ing one is picked separately for further propagation. These selec- 
tions are used to plant the next year's breeding block. 
The fields to be rogued are planted with seed increased from an 
individual plant selected three years before. The first year after 
selection it forms one row in the breeding block, the second year it 
forms the increase planting of the breeding block and produces 
enough seed to plant the rogued fields. The selection is carefully 
studied during these years and compared in tests with other selec- 
Se££D/A/G BL0C/TS 
(about /Xi Acees) 
/923 
/92S 
E(/T/£E COTTON AC/9EAGE 
OF THE COACHELLA VALLEY 
(ABOUT 5.000 ACGES) 
ENT/1SE COTTON AC£EASE 
OF THE COACHELLA l/ALLEY 
(ABOUT S.OOO ACJ2ESJ 
SEED AM/LABLE FO/9 
PLANT/NO //V OTHES 
0/sre/crs 
Fig. 2. — Diagram showing- the breeding and seed-increase processes in relation to the 
community planting. The lines at the left of the breeding blocks represent progeny 
rows planted with seed from individual plants selected from the breeding block of the 
year before 
tions to determine whether or not it is deficient in yield or has other 
undesirable features. 
The rogued fields furnish, in the case of the Coachella Valley, 
seed for planting the cotton acreage of the entire community, and 
the fourth year after the individual plant was selected the increased 
seed is made available for planting in other communities also. Only 
in districts where the yields are high, as in the Coachella Valley, 
can selected seed increase as rapidly as above outlined. 
Fields which include all the stages of the breeding process are 
grown in the Coachella Valley community each year. Their rela- 
tionships are shown graphically in Figure 2. 
Figure 2 illustrates the system of Acala breeding and seed in- 
crease now in operation in the Coachella Valley but is not accurate in 
regard to the acreage shown for the different years. Though the sys- 
tem is now operating on the basis of 5,000 acres, it was not begun 
on that basis, since in 1922 only 1,259 acres of cotton were grown. 
