CITRUS PECTIN | q 
TaBLE 7.—Results of two three-quarter-hour extractions, of orange peel at 98° C., 
varying the acidity 
a 
Acidity i Pectin for 
Extraction (citric Pectin a good 
acid) | 19 Peel | “jelly 
ee — | | | 
Lot 1: ; Per cent | Per cent | Per cent 
[LDS Pee as ie ae Rg. And ape aoa [aU TR CRD ee ON At Me EPR 0.03 0.43 0. 60 
SET TTG b he Ee RR es eS I GIT peers tee, Mp SR BF 28 CN eee .01 1.16 2. 20 
Lot 2: 
JTRS ie es es SE eel Sie ee. epee Da. Burd Coleepip epee BEER & SN pT SSRN See sige gas . 29 . 90 .31 
SE DTG bee ee rates aetna a el A aye a 5 al cea Apa ESE ae! Sane eae Oy .10 1. 60 . 34 
The results up to this point indicated that an hour’s heating of the 
ES at 98° C. in three times its weight of slightly acid solution (at 
east 0.1 per cent) yielded a fair quantity of good-quality pectin. 
Samples 1 to 5, inclusive, of the pectins shown in Table 3 were of 
poor quality, because of the low acidity. There was no advantage in 
extracting the pectin above the simmering temperature of 98°C. The 
finer the peel, the more readily the pectin was removed. 
In order to determine the proper acidity and feasible number of 
extractions, 1,800 grams of finely ground lemon peel was divided into 
eight lots of 225 grams each and extracted twice for 45 minutes at 
98° C. Additional extractions were made on samples 3 and 6. All 
of these results are given in Table 8. 
TaBLe 8.—Resulis of two three-quarter-hour extractions of lemon peel at 98° C., 
varying the acidity 
i 
Acidity 
: Pectin for 
s aaDle (citric ae a good 
: cid) jelly 
Per cent | Per cent | Per cent 
1 0.02 1. 92 1533 
2 12 . .98 25 
3 { 21 22 25 
21 1.22 60 
4 30 1.46 25 
5 44 1.69 25 
6 { 64 2. 26 25 
64 1.38 1. 70 
7 88 2.18 25 
8 1. 20 2.71 35 
Two 200-gram samples of one lot of lemon peel were heated three 
times at 98° C. with 0.4 per cent acid, one sample for 60 and the 
other for 90 minutes. The results are shown in Table 9. 
TABLE 9.—Results of three extractions of lemon peel at 98° C. with 0.4 per cent 
citric acid 
Time of } Pectin 
BPNo Extraction fo ebch | is Goat RD gna 
extraction jelly 
Minutes | Per cenit | Per cent 
PO MMEST Gr SeCONG= ee eee Le ee eS Le OP co eo 6 2. . 25 
De RIpGl soy ym 2d 8 ot ees Ray EROS aii rt 60 . 83 ~51 
PalpaerstyaNdSCCOnd isi. ie cae 5 eee eg a Bio eet 7. 90 2. 96 . 34 
2) ANG fy cu 3 cael een we Me SEES FL Oe ee Ge te Re Bae lee Sic d Ree Cee Ae, 90 79 . 68 
