36 BULLETIN 141, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
far exceeds that given either to the small grains or to the hoed 
crops. The yields of hay vary considerably in the different areas 
where the Clyde loam has been encountered. In general, in south- 
ern Michigan, northern Indiana, and western New York, the yields 
of hay range frcm 1J to 2 or even 2^ tons per acre. The average 
yields for the Clyde loam in these locations may be confidently 
stated at 1J tons per acre, or greater, dependent somewhat upon 
seasonal variations in the rainfall. Mixed timothy and clover con- 
stitute the principal acreage, although upon the better drained areas 
clover, seeded alone, is an important crop, both for the production 
of hay and, in central Michigan, for the production of seed. The 
alsike clover and the medium red clover are used to a consid- 
erable extent both in mixed and pure seeding. It has been found 
that the alsike clover will make an excellent growth even where 
drainage has not been thoroughly established, while the medium 
red clover is somewhat more exacting and requires good to perfect 
drainage to produce its maximum yields. 
Among the small grains wheat is the most important, although 
the acreage devoted to this crop in the more eastern States is de- 
creasing and the yields are not especially high. They range from 
10 or 12 bushels per acre to 20 bushels or more. The average is 
not much more than 15 bushels per acre. This is, however, in 
excess of the yields secured upon many of the upland soils in the 
same general region. Oats are even better suited to the Clyde loam 
than either winter or spring wheat, and the yields are high in the 
different areas where the crop is grown. In Michigan the yields 
range from 35 to 60 bushels per acre, while the general average 
through a long period of time may be stated at 40 bushels per acre, 
or somewhat greater. Consequently the oat crop is, to a considerable 
extent, displacing wheat as the small grain crop. Aside from a tend- 
ency toward excessive growth of straw, the Clyde loam constitutes 
an almost ideal soil for oat production. 
In all of the areas where the Clyde loam is developed, corn con- 
stitutes its most extensive intertilled crop. The yields are fair to 
good, ranging from 25 to 45 bushels per acre with a general average 
of about 35 bushels. Its use for corn growing is shown in Plate III, 
figure 1. 
Many thousands of acres of sugar beets are annually grown upon 
the Clyde loam in the southern peninsula of Michigan, and there is 
a strong tendency to increase this acreage in all localities where an 
adequate supply of labor for the care of the crop can be obtained. 
The average yield ranges from 7 to 10 tons per acre with exceptional 
yields as high as 15 to 18 tons. 
Beans are grown to some extent as an intertilled crop, preceding 
either wheat or oats, in both Michigan and Indiana. The yields are 
