THE CLYDE SERIES OF SOILS. 29 
lion of the county where it occurs. This arises from the fact that 
the Clyde sandy loam was probably formed as a somewhat sandy 
outwash when glacial waters were discharged down the present 
drainage ways of the Eel and White Eivers. For a time at least 
these waters were so ponded as to form a local glacial lake within 
which sandy outwash material was deposited. This was mingled 
with a considerable amount of organic matter from the vegetation 
that grew in the swampy areas which ultimately resulted. In the 
majority of the other areas where the Clyde sandy loam occurs the 
surface is gently undulating to somewhat ridged. In the Saginaw 
area, Michigan, the Clyde sandy loam represents areas of sandy 
glacial till or water-laid moraines where glacial material was de- 
posited either through glacial outwash or at such low levels that 
shallow lake waters covered a considerable proportion of the dis- 
tinctively glacial till. In such regions all of the lower-lying por- 
tions of the Clyde sandy loam were formed under water-logged, 
swampy conditions, and a large amount of organic matter was de- 
posited under these circumstances. 
The local drainage conditions for the Clyde sandy loam vary con- 
siderably. In northern Greene County, Ind., the area now occupied 
by this soil type constituted extensive marshes in the earlier days, 
and the dredging of large ditches was essential before any por- 
tion of the type could be reclaimed and used for agricultural pur- 
poses. In the Michigan areas where the Clyde sandy loam occurs 
extensively it was frequently the case that the higher lying and 
better drained portions of the type could be immediately used for 
agriculture without the installation of extensive drainage works. 
However, the lower lying and depressed portions of this soil have 
been considerably improved for agricultural occupation by the dig- 
ging of short local ditches and occasionally through the installation 
of tile drains. In almost all cases the producing power of the soil 
is decidedly increased where tile underdrainage is practiced. 
The Clyde sandy loam constitutes an excellent general farming 
soil, except where it still exists under swampy conditions. Corn is 
the principal crop grown upon this soil, and the yields range from 
35 to 40 bushels per acre under average conditions, with yields attain- 
ing 80 bushels per acre under particularly favorable conditions of 
drainage and of long growing season. Oats are grown extensively, 
giving yields which range from 25 to 40 bushels per acre. Hay also 
gives excellent yields, ranging from 1 to- 1} and sometimes as high as 
2 tons per acre. Timothy alone is grown or timothy mixed with 
some of the clovers, usually the alsike or red varieties. In Michigan 
a considerable amount of clover is grown alone. The first cutting 
is saved for hay. Frequently the second cutting is allowed to mature 
