LABOR REQUIREMENTS OF ARKANSAS CROPS. 53 
STUMPS AND STONES. 
There are all degrees of stumpiness and stoniness, and these things 
add to the amount of labor required. The figures in the tables are 
for smooth land; hence each farmer should add whatever he thinks 
is necessary for the presence of stumps and stones. 
LENGTH OF ROWS. 
If rows are exceedingly short, some work should be added to cover 
the extra time spent in turning around, but if they are about the 
average for the community the figures in the table will apply. 
SIZE OF TEAMS OR POWER UNITS. 
For each chart the conditions are printed with the chart, and one 
of these conditions is the team unit — whether a one-horse, two-horse, 
or larger team is used. It makes considerable difference in the 
quantity of man labor required whether the worker drives only one 
horse or more than one. One-horse work involves the maximum of 
man labor; hence the higher the wages paid the more necessary it 
becomes to have the worker drive as many horses as practicable, or 
even to drive a tractor. This necessity does not hold true, however, 
when the worker is a share cropper who receives half the crop or some 
other share as his pay. The loss of efficiency by driving one horse 
instead of two or more in the case of the share cropper falls on the 
share cropper and not on the owner who alone can change this 
condition. 
The important point concerning size of teams or power unit is that 
if a farmer uses more horses or mules to the team than the table 
assumes, it will change, to some extent, the figures in the tables. 
CHANGED PRACTICES. 
Changed practices of any kind are likely to affect the quantity of 
labor required. The substitution of machine work for hand work or 
of a larger machine for a smaller one will change the amount of labor 
required. 
ADJUSTMENT FOR YIELD. 
The charts are all based on certain assumed yields which are given 
in Table 2. In the case of cotton, a picking rate of 125 pounds of 
seed cotton per hand per day has been assumed. If the picking rate is 
greater or less than this, the data may be changed accordingly, but 
if the data of the tables are used as a standard, and if the yield of 
cotton is 1,200 pounds of seed cotton per acre instead of the assumed 
600 pounds, the time for picking may be doubled or nearly so. 
If the crop is corn and the yield is 50 bushels per acre instead of 25 
and if the Pulaski County corn data are used (fig. 8), the 7 days of 
man labor and 5 days of horse labor required for harvesting may be 
doubled. The same principle will hold for most other crops. It 
must be remembered, however, that a crop can be gathered a little 
faster if the yield is large than if it is small. 
