MARKETING CABBAGE. 
47 
jobber. It is well known that these charges, or "margins," as they 
are usually called, are not wholly profits. Out of them each agency 
must pay its own costs of operation. In the case of the city whole- 
saler, for instance, the 8 cents must pay for handling, for cartage, for 
salaries of warehouse and office employees, as well as for the main- 
tenance of buildings and equipment. The various other agencies 
have their own costs and perform numerous and specific services such 
as sorting, grading, assuming risks of spoilage and waste, selling, 
advertising, granting credit, packaging, making deliveries, and 
other services required by the consumer. The margins going to 
the different handlers are continually changing; they change not 
only from time to time but from place to place. 
The variation from time to time is illustrated in Table 16 and in 
Figure 31, which give the detailed margins for Boston over a period 
of six months in 1921-22. 
Bearing in mind the above facts, the following general statement 
may be of interest. According to the incomplete price information 
available (Table 15), it appears that of the average dollar paid by 
1921 
1922 
PRODUCER \}^}/}}\ FREIGHT 
WHOLESALER 
| jobber |; •;.;•;•! RETAILER 
Fig. 31.— Distribution of the consumer's dollar for cabbage grown in western New York and sold in Boston. 
the consumer for cabbage in 1921-22 the producer received about 
24 cents, and about 4 cents went to the local buyer at the shipping 
point. Freight charges required 9 cents. Approximately 8 cents 
went to pay the receiving wholesaler, and about 55 cents to jobbers 
and other wholesale handlers and to retail dealers. 
SUMMARY OF FACTS AND FIGURES. 
COMMERCIAL CABBAGE. 
Cabbage ranks third among the vegetables in commercial output. 
It is exceeded only by potatoes and tomatoes. 
About two-fifths of the average car-lot shipments of 31,000 cars is 
from the South, chiefly from Florida, Texas, South Carolina, and 
Virginia. The rest of the car-lot movement is from the North and 
West, mainly from New York, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Michigan, 
Colorado, and California, and consists of about equal parts of the 
