16 
BULLETIN 1151, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
In localities where there is an exceedingly heavy snowfall it may 
be well to have the bottom of the door 15 inches above the ground. 
The board frame should be made of the size required, and the wire 
cut from the opening may be stapled to the frame to complete the 
door. Good hinges should be provided and the door hung to a post, 
which may be made square, if not already so, by nailing a 2 by 4 
strip to it. 
Fig. 14. — Front of completed pen, showing stretched and laced wire and door construction. 
BILL OF MATERIAL. 
The following material is necessary to construct a pen 37 by 37 
feet, with, a 9-foot wall extending 3 feet into the ground and a 24-inch 
overhang and underlay : 
20 posts, each 13 feet long and from 5 to 8 inches in diameter. 
150 linear feet of 1-inch board, 5 inches wide. 
150 linear feet of 24-inch wire netting for overhang, 2-inch mesh, No. 16 
gauge. 
150 linear feet fence wire, 5 feet wide, 2-inch mesh, No. 16 gauge. 
150 linear feet fence wire, 4 feet wide, 1^-inch mesh, No. 15 gauge. 
150 linear feet ground wire. 1\ or 3 feet wide, 2-incn mesh, No. 14 gauge. 
150 linear feet of carpet wire, 30 inches wide, 2-inch mesh, No. 14 gauge. 
Spikes, nails, staples, hinges, hasps, snaps, No. 16 or 18 soft lacing 
wire, and extra lumber for doors will also be needed. Hog rings, 
No. 12 gauge wire, are often used in place of lacing wire. Mesh wire, 
No. 15 gauge, will do very well for the pen walls, but No. 14 gauge, 
being heavier, makes a more durable wall. Woven wire, galvanized 
after weaving, is recommended because it is stronger at the joints, a 
place where strength is most needed. It has the further advantage 
of lasting longer under ground. 
CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION. 
Some pens are constructed with iron posts and the foundation 
is of concrete. 3 Although the initial cost, is much more than in those 
s See Concrete COffstftfction on Live Stock Farms, Farmers' Bulletin 481. 
