10 
BULLETIN 1151, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Fig. 6. — Square plan of ranch, showing location 
watch lower and the alternate arrangement 
pens to permit easy observation. 
boring pen. Such accidents can be 
separated. Another advantage of 
will lessen the chances of dis- 
ease spreading through an entire 
ranch. 
The space between rows of pens 
should be at least 15 feet, in order 
to permit a horse and wagon to 
be driven through to haul neces- 
sary materials. The advantages 
derived from this arrangement 
more than offset the additional cost. 
The idea of enlarging or adding 
to the ranch should be kept in 
mind when making the original 
layout. There are various methods 
of laying out pens, such as are 
shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8. 
When arranged as nearty as pos- 
sible in the form of a square the 
expense of inclosing by a guard 
fence is less than when the pens 
are arranged in long rows. It is 
false economy to build too many 
pens on a small piece of land. 
Pens of ample size are those con- 
taining from 800 to 1,500 square 
feet. 
the ground. The shields 
can be made of wire or 
tin. Trimming branches 
from the trees 10 to 12 
feet up the trunk will 
facilitate construction and 
also the free movement 
of air through the ranch, 
and the brandies will not 
hamper the rancher in his 
daily work. 
Ranches vary in size 
from 2 up to 100 or more 
pens in a single layout. 
It is advisable to have 
a space of 2 feet between 
the pens, for serious in- 
juries will result if foxes 
are separated by only a 
single partition of wire 
netting. Foxes climbing 
of the wire have had feet, 
of legs, and tails torn off by 
the occupant of the neigh- 
avoided only if the walls are 
such construction is that it 
Fig. 7. — Rectangular plan of ranch. 
