A SEALED PAPER CAETON TO PEOTECT CEREALS. 3 
insects or eggs in them the heat from the cereal would undoubtedly 
have killed them. 
When the ends of the packages were being fastened, the glue was not 
placed near the corners, so that if it were possible to leave an opening 
there by accident, the opening would be left in this experiment. All 
of the packages were regularly closed by gluing the ends, but some of 
them were covered by a piece of label paper (fig. 7) so that there were 
no openings where an insect could enter without piercing the label. 
Some of the labels were put on with glue and some with flour paste. 
Eighteen of these packages, nine labeled and nine not labeled, were 
distributed in two wooden boxes. Between them flour and meal that 
Fig. 3.— The confused flour beetle ( Tribolium confusum): a, Beetle; b, larva; c, pupa; d, lateral lobe of 
abdomen of pupa; e, head of beetle, showing antenna; /, same of T. ferrugineum. a-c, Much enlarged; 
d-f, more enlarged. (After Chittenden.) 
were badly infested by the confused flour beetle, the saw-toothed 
grain beetle, and the Mediterranean flour moth were packed. This 
infestation of the boxes was very carefully done, and when the experi- 
ment was observed on November 10, 1912, the outsides of all of the 
packages were literally alive with insects. The condition of the con- 
tents of eight of them is recorded in Table I. 
Table I. — Recorded conditions of infestation or noninfestation found in packages of cereal 
opened Nov. 10, 1912. 
No. of 
pack- 
age. 
Not labeled. 
Label pasted. 
Label glued. 
1 
2 
do 
3 
do 
4 
do 
5 
No infestation 
do 
6 
7 
No infestation. 
8 
Do. 
A similar observation was made on January 24, 1913, the results of 
which are shown in Table II. 
