RETAIL MARKETING OF MEATS 
27 
of the Hebrew race. Among the 3,058 dealers who reported their 
nativity in the canvass of representative cities and rural districts, 
237 were also reported as of the Hebrew race. The actual numbers 
were unquestionably larger, the 368 natives of Kussia and Poland 
being predominantly Hebrew and considerable numbers of the 
native Americans and of those of other nativity being Hebrew. It 
is reasonably certain that as many as 10 per cent of all retail meat 
dealers in the country are of that race. 
Within the foreign-born group, certain nationalities exhibit 
widely varying tendencies in their distribution among the types of 
stores. Natives of Germany, Great Britain, Sweden, Denmark, and 
Norway, in general the old immigration, are found operating straight 
Table 13. — Nationalities and races of owners or managers of stores retailing 
fresh meats 1 
[15 completely canvassed cities and 8 counties (including 10 additional urban districts)] 
Class of service 
Type of store 
Total by nationalities 
and races 
Nationality 
Service 
Cash and 
carry 
Combination 
stores 
Straight 
meat 
markets 
Num- 
ber 
Per- 
cent- 
age of 
native 
or 
foreign 
born 
Per- 
cent- 
age of 
total 
Num- 
ber 
Per 
cent 
Num- 
ber 
Fer 
cent 
Num- 
ber 
Per 
cent 
Num- 
ber 
Per 
cent 
Native born: 
White 
1,269 
51 
75.45 
92.73 
413 
4 
24.55 
7.27 
1,101 
47 
65.46 
85.45 
581 
8 
34. 54 
14.55 
1,682 
55 
96.83 
3.17 
55.00 
1.80 
Total native 
born 
1,320 
75. 99 
417 
24.01 
1,148 
66.09 
589 
33.91 
1,737 
100.00 
56.80 
Foreign born: 
Armenia 
6 
93 
2 
1 
71 
4 
25 
15 
1 
18 
144 
41 
20 
25 
177 
2 
17 
15 
3 
6 
76 
3 
4 
230 
11 
16 
6 
42 
75.00 
82.30 
100.00 
100.00 
93.42 
80.00 
92.59 
83.33 
33. 33 
62.07 
46.67 
77.84 
82.00 
90.91 
86.21 
80.09 
50.00 
94.44 
88.24 
60.00 
100.00 
87.36 
100.00 
40.00 
81.85 
61.11 
100.00 
100.00 
93.33 
2 
20 
25.00 
17.70 
8 
88 
1 
1 
75 
3 
21 
8 
2 
12 
5 
57 
47 
14 
25 
197 
2 
13 
17 
100.00 
77.88 
50.00 
100.00 
98.68 
60.00 
77.78 
44.44 
66.67 
41.38 
33.33 
30.81 
94.00 
63.64 
86.21 
89.14 
50.00 
72.22 
100.00 
8 
113 
2 
1 
76 
5 
27 
18 
3 
29 
15 
185 
50 
22 
29 
221 
4 
18 
17 
5 
6 
87 
3 
10 
281 
18 
16 
6 
45 
1 
.61 
8.55 
.15 
.08 
5.75 
.38 
2.04 
1.36 
.23 
2.20 
1.14 
14.00 
3.79 
1.67 
2.20 
16.73 
.30 
1.36 
1.29 
.38 
.45 
6.59 
.23 
.76 
21.27 
1.36 
1.21 
.45 
3.41 
.08 
.26 
Austria 
Belgium 
25 
1 
22.12 
50.00 
3.70 
' .07 
Brazil ... 
.03 
Canada 
5 
1 
2 
3 
2 
11 
8 
41 
9 
2 
4 
44 
2 
1 
2 
2 
6.58 
20.00 
7.41 
16.67 
66.67 
37.93 
53.33 
22. 16 
18.00 
9.09 
13.79 
19.91 
50.00 
5.56 
11.76 
40.00 
1 
2 
6 
10 
1 
17 
10 
128 
3 
8 
4 
24 
2 
5 
1.32 
40.00 
22.22 
55.56 
33.33 
58.62 
66.67 
69.19 
6.00 
36.36 
13.79 
10.86 
50.00 
27.78 
2.49 
.16 
Czechoslovakia 
Denmark 
Holland 
England 
France.- 
Germany 
Greece 
Hungary 
Ireland. — 
Italy- .. 
.88 
.59 
.10 
.95 
.49 
6.05 
1.64 
.72 
.95 
7.23 
Japan ._ . 
.13 
Jugoslavia 
Lithuania 
.59 
.56 
Mexico 
5 
4 
22 
100.00 
66.67 
25.29 
.16 
Norway 
Poland.. 
Portugal 
2 
65 
3 
4 
187 
9 
9 
2 
44 
1 
33.33 
74.71 
100.00 
40.00 
66.55 
50.00 
56.25 
33.33 
97.78 
100.00 
.20 
11 
12.64 
2.84 
.10 
Rumania 
Russia... 
6 
51 
7 
60.00 
18.15 
38.89 
6 
94 
9 
7 
4 
1 
60.00 
33.45 
50.00 
43.75 
66.67 
2.22 
.33 
9.19 
Scotland 
Sweden 
.59 
.52 
Switzerland 
.20 
Syria 
3 
1 
6.67 
100.00 
1.47 
Turkey 
.03 
Total foreign 
born.. 
1,081 
81.83 
240 
18.17 
922 
69.80 
399 
30.20 
1,321 
H00.02 
3 43. 22 
Grand total . 
2,401 
78.52 
657 
21.48 
2, 070 I 67. 69 
988 
32.31 
3,058 
100.00 
1 Chain stores and department stores are not included in this table. Stalls in public markets are included 
with straight meat markets. 
2 Except for fractional differences, this total would be 100.00 
3 Except for fractional differences, this total would be 43.20. 
