GRAPE-BERRY MOTH IN NORTHERN OHIO. 35 
closely resembled the grape-berry moth larvae. A quantity of the 
leaves were collected on August 25, 1916, and placed in battery jars 
containing no other food for the larvae. The larvae at the time of 
collection varied from less than half-grown to nearly mature speci- 
mens. The leaves dried out but the larvae completed their feeding 
and cocooned in the leaves, a total of 79 cocoons being secured. 
Pupae from this material were identified by August Busck of the 
U. S. Bureau of Entomology as Polychrosis viteana Clem. The pupae 
were kept over winter under outdoor conditions and 12 moths emerged 
the following spring. In a single instance an empty eggshell was 
found on the under surface of the leaves close to a phylloxera gall. 
In the observation made on October 2, 1917, about 1 leaf in 5 had the 
Web formed by the larvae which were feeding on the galls. In no 
case could it be definitely determined whether the phylloxera in the 
galls were consumed with the gall tissue. No leaf feeding other than 
on the galls occurred with the larvae under observation. 
CANNIBALISM AMONG GRAPE-BERRY MOTH LARV^. 
To determine if the larvae would be cannibalistic with a restricted 
food supply the following experiment was conducted: From field- 
collected second-brood larvae, 40 between 4 and 7 mm. in length 
were taken and divided into two lots of 20 each on September 14, 1917. 
One lot was placed in a jar with 20 grapes and the other lot was 
similarly placed with but 5 grapes. Grape leaves were provided in 
both jars for pupation of the larvae. On November 22 the following 
results were recorded: In the lot where 20 grapes were provided, 15 
cocoons had been formed and 2 full-grown live larvae were present. 
Considerable substance remained in the grapes. Careful search for 
the other 3 individuals failed to locate them. In the lot where but 
5 grapes were supplied, 5 cocoons had been formed, 2 dead and 2 live 
larvae were present, or a total of 9 accounted for. A careful search 
was made for the head shields of the other 11 larvae but they were 
not to be found. All the pulp from all the grapes had been consumed. 
From this single experiment it appears that cannibalism exists 
among the larvae when the food supply is restricted and may occur 
even with sufficient food present for all. 
LARVM NOT KILLED BY LOW TEMPERATURES. 
The resistance of grape-berry moth pupae to severe winter condi- 
tions has been noted. On October 30, 1917, a severe freeze occurred 
in northern Ohio, sufficient to freeze Concord and Catawba grapes. 
The lowest temperature recorded at the Sandusky station of the 
United States Weather Bureau on October 30 was 25° F., 26° on 
October 31 and November 1, and 28° on November 2. When 
recording the results of spraying experiments at Put-in-Bay, Ohio, 
