: TURPENTINE. : 43 
and include a description of the methods of testing, together with a 
statement on the basis of sale. All of these are essential in any com- 
plete specifications to insure proper samples and accurate examina- 
tion. [specially are they necessary in case of dispute involving 
-,. either the quality or quantity of a delivery of turpentine. 
wy The specifications are equally fair to the producer and the con- 
sumer. Their detail and length are necessary for a fair action on those 
turpentines which may be very close to the limits of the specifications 
and where errors in sampling or in analysis and testing may cause the 
rejection of a good turpentine or the acceptance of an adulterated or 
unsuitable turpentine. : 
RECOMMENDED SPECIFICATIONS FOR TURPENTINE (GUM SPIRITS 
AND WOOD TURPENTINE).! 
1. GENERAL. 
These specifications apply both to the turpentine which is distilled from pine 
oleoresins, commonly known as gum spirits or spirits of turpentine, and to turpentine, 
commonly known as wood turpentine, which is obtained from resinous wood, whether 
by steam or by destructive distillation. When ordering under these specifications, 
the purchaser shall specify whether (a) gum spirits or (b) wood turpentine is desired. 
When wood turpentine is specified, it may be stated whether steam or ociey ely 
distilled wood turpentine shall be furnished. 
Turpentine shall be pure and conform to the following requirements: 
APPEARANCE.—Shall be clear and free from suspended matter and water. 
Cotor.—Shall be “‘standard” or better. 
Opor.—Shall be characteristic of the variety of turpentine specified and, if desired, 
shall conform to the odor of the sample agreed upon. 
> 
| Maximum. | Minimum. 
| 
Suecinlen witvat ase atc Ome tae etre ne ete ee ee = 0.875 | 0. $62 
7 Refractive index Bb IAA Ch a 5 Sore AP ee ar eee ier Oe ee Wek Se ao Seas 1.478 | 1.468 
2 Residue after polymerization with 38 NV H.SOx4: | 
Gum spirits— | 
NACHO TTT OTC OSE CON aoe Oe es te ee ee oe ee eee 250 hatte 
ISinac bigest Oxan tts Crear ee ee eae ee ee ae a ae te [Raa o eee ee | 1.500 
Wood turpentine— 
Nici mem eoimne eee at tern en en ee ee ee | Daa yeoati iene, eee 3a 
Rie a crineesim Ge xad leo es Oe eas ater ae en Sees rn eae eS |eataee Beate 1.495 
mitialkehbonine poimtzal-c60:mim. pressure (2 Caz .--.-c5--5--2-2 22-52 se 2+-05 22s | 160 | 150 
Distiilinsabelow-1:/Ox- Cs at-/60. mim. spressure:(per Gent). += 2222-2222. 22-22 t eee ieiociceereoes 90 
2. DETECTION AND REMOVAL OF SEPARATED WATER. 
Draw a portion by means of a glass or metal container with a removable stopper or 
top, or with a ‘‘thief,”’ from the lowest part of the container, or by opening the bottom 
valve of the perfectly level tank car. If water is found to be present, draw it all out, 
record the quantity, and deduct it from the total volume of liquid delivered. 
me} 1 Prepared and recommended by the U.S. Interdepartmental Committee on Paint Specification Stand- 
! ardization, October 27,1919, P. H. Walker, Bureau of Standards, chairman; H. E. Smith, U.S. Railroad 
Administration, secretary. This committee was appointed at the suggestion of the Secretary of Com- 
merce,and consisted of representatives of the War, Navy, Agriculture, Interior, Post Office, Treasury, 
and Commerce Departments, the Railroad Administration, the Panama Canal, and the Educational 
Bureau of the Paint Manufacturers Association of the United States. The committee submitted a prelimi- 
nary draft of the specifications to a large number of representatives of the naval-stores industries and the 
paint and varnish industries, and gave careful consideration to the replies which were received in time. 
