TURPENTINE. 4] 
turpentine” and show the true name and amount of adulterant con- 
tained therein. Requires notification of the purchaser at the time 
of sale, as in the Massachusetts law. 
New York (included in the amendment to the agricultural law of 1893, 
being ch. 584, laws of 1906, p. 1529).—Similar to the New Jersey law. 
Ohio (included in the supplement, sec. 6331-1, to sec. 6331 of the 
General Code, being senate bill No. 204, laws of 1910, p. 239).—Similar 
to the Massachusetts law. 
Pennsylvania (included in the paint law, No. 297, Acts of 1915, p. 
665).—Similar to the Massachusetts paint law, chapter 531, Acts of 
1908. Mislabeling or misbranding is committed if the article is an 
imitation of, or sold or offered for sale under the name of, another 
article, or if the label is false or misleading in any particular. 
Vermont (included in the paint bill, No. 123, Public Acts of 1908, p. 
115).—Requires adulterated or substitute turpentine to be plainly 
labeled ‘‘Substituted.”’ 
Wisconsin (included in the act creating sec. 1636-1 of the statutes 
relating to linseed oil, turpentine, and paint, being ch. 532, Acts of 1909, 
No. 593, A, p. 732).—Defines turpentine, spirits of turpentine, or oil 
of turpentine, and also wood turpentine or wood spirits of turpentine, 
as in the Florida law. Forbids the sale ‘‘as and for”’ either of these, 
anything except the pure article as defined, also the sale of any tur- 
pentine except under its true name as outlined. Every container 
must be plainly labeled with the true name of the contents. 
NEED FOR UNIFORM SPECIFICATIONS AND METHODS OF TESTING. 
It is the univeral experience that definite specifications are neces- 
sary in the purchase of all materials which are easily and profitably 
® adulterated. They are essential to protect the buyer against de- 
livery of low-grade materials and to protect the seller against compe- 
tition with venders of lower-priced articles. 
The specifications upon which turpentine is bought and sold in the 
primary naval stores markets of the country are those implied or 
stated in the several State laws and in the rules and regulations of 
the boards of trade and chambers of commerce of the primary 
markets. The requirements are that the turpentine shall be pure, 
and standard or better in color. No details as to what tests shall be 
applied to determine purity or color are laid down, nor are methods 
of conducting the tests described. The specifications given on 
pages 43 to 49 embrace the recognized requirements which determine 
whether or not a turpentine is pure, and describe in detail the methods 
of making the required tests. Methods for the correct sampling of 
the turpentine are given also. Needless to say, it requires much 
more space to describe these things clearly than to simply state that 
“the turpentine shall be pure, and standard or better in color,” 
