PUBLIC ROAD MILEAGE AND REVENUES, 1914, 17 
A county superintendent is elected in each county by the county 
board of supervisors. His term of office is for 4 years and his salary 
and expenses are paid from county funds. If the county fails to 
act, the State highway commissioner may make the appointment and 
have the expenses paid by the State in the first instance and reim- 
bursed by the county. The county superintendent is appointed from 
a civil service list of eligibles and may be removed by the State high- 
way commissioner for a specific cause. He has charge of all road 
and bridge work in the county, subject to the general control of the 
State highway department, and is required to furnish the town super- 
intendents with such plans or other aid as they may require. He 
inspects all roads once a year. 
The office of town superintendent is established in every town. 
The town superintendent may be elected either by the town or he 
may be appointed by the town board. The only qualification re- 
quired of him is that he be a resident of the town. The term of 
his office is 2 years. He is in direct charge of the maintenance and 
construction of all town roads and bridges subject to rules and regu- 
lations of the State highway department. 
The State highway department has a bureau of research for the 
testing of all road-building materials. The laboratories are well 
equipped and a large amount of work is done by this bureau. Stone 
tests conducted by the bureau of research totaled 909 during the 
calendar year 1914; of gravel and sand 956 tests were made. The 
bureau tested 1,238 samples of cement and 416 samples of brick. 
Tests of bituminous materials amounted to 1,330, and of cubes of 
concrete to 1,506. 
EXPENDITURES, 1914. 
The total expenditure in 1914 for construction and maintenance 
of all roads and bridges amounted to $23,231,964 and included the 
following items : Expenditures by the State for construction of State 
and county highways, $8,363,049; by the counties for construction, 
$1,364,934; by the villages for construction of State and county 
highways, $1,185,248; °by the State for maintenance of State and 
county highways, $3,837,727; by the State and towns for town 
roads, $8,113,303; by the State for the maintenance of county roads, 
$117,700; and by counties for maintenance of county roads, $250,000. 
The expenditures are shown in detail by counties in Table 10. 
In 1904 the total expenditure for. roads and bridges amounted to 
$5,692,514, including $1,056,460 contributed by the State. During 
the 10-year period, therefore, from 1904 to 1914 the expenditures 
increased 308 per cent. 
