STATUS OF PASTEURIZATION OF MILK. 9 
TABLE 3.—Approximate quantity of milk pasteurized in various cities as shown 
by returns from questionnaire sent in 1921—Continued. 
| | 
Per cent || | Per cent 
Popula- : | Popula- | : 
City. tion, 1920 Bare | City. tion, 1920) ue sigs 
Census. | teurized. || aDSHS Micnriced: 
> Coe PT Pie | Ges Fe neva a ee OP 
FUGhPoint.wN. Cp. sg0.t ce. 14, 302 20; || Ashland + ORO x 45.26 so. 9, 249 70 
Connellsville; Pace ost. 13, 804 50 || Chippewa Falls, Wis......... 9, 130 50 
Bvochester; Minn>..-° 22 =sd2. 13, 722 Soi, Bedtord 5 nd. <2 /s45. = =552542- 9, 076 60 
WMonewpranchs Ned's 2 2sss 0. 13, 521 79 ||-Welisville, Ohio... .... 22. --- 8, 849 50 
NWatervillo Me... 5.28 oot 4 13, 351 5 || Washington, Ind............. 8, 743 50 
COLMAN NG se ee se cock sono 13, 294 1OF||PELanOVeR ha nese sees cen eee 8, 664 30 
sab rekag Calif geo. 3s eysk 13, 212 65 |} Mitehell, |S. Daks-.2.2.2.-2%.- 8,478 40 
DHEAUO PA NY eee ee ore oe 13, 181 35 |} Manhattan, Kans............. 7, 989 23 
Cambridge, Ohio. ............ 13, 104 50 ||.,Die- Kalb, dl. one se sect ae 2 7, 871 75 
Marquette, Mich.............. 12’ 718 30 |\sSuleii Ne gates ss ene 7, 435 25 
Morristown, N. Jo. .....2:.-.-| ~ 12,548 25 || Marblehead, Mass............ 7, 348 80 
Mawrence. Kans*s. 2-2-2924 12, 456 4 CVINIOUT NG se Seen 7, 348 75 
GONE sWOwacwe cot cca ee. aoe 12,451 10.}| Niles “Mich. 444-08) $5 <* Sil 75 
Asbury bank, "Ne J- == 5.2.2 2s: 12, 400 95 || Painesville, Ohio............. Mahe 56 
Benton Harbor, Mich........- 12, 227 @57) | Merincetons Inde ashen eee 7, 132 25 
Tuscaloosa, Ala-..-........... 11, 996 75 || Bemidji, Minn............... 7; 096 25 
Independence, Kans.......... 11, 920 Geli av Oswell, Ni... Mexans8. 085 2. 7, 062 25 
Martins Ferry, Ohio.......... 11, 634 80 || Rumford Falls, Me........... 7, 016 30 
ran ktoris ind eee = 11, 585 66: eNewarkeuN Yeo Soe eee oe 6, 964 85 
Fairfield, Conn........ Benes 11, 475 Seti eANleyOr OP UU ieee see he Ce 6, 757 50 
Arkansas City, Kans ........- 11, 253 “Gy I ARS ROL WESe seesc oe soso se oe ae | 6, 729 10 
_ Florence, S.C. 21. 2.222 22.2... 10, 968 17°]! Medina: Na Youre i AV os irs | 6, 011 50 
iatesnpre We ne ge oe 10, 909 50. || Greenwich, Conn..........:.- 5, 939 75 
Plwood; md=.2!/2)2-5.. 2. 10, 790 55} Printeton, Nos 2-22. 2 8k | 5,917 25 
Minot, .N; Dak... -¢.55-5¢ 25.2 10, 476 15a EalovAl ion Califa esas oneness 5, 900 55 
Bucyrus; Oto. FAL 22h: 10, 425 100 || Fredericksburg, Va....-.-..-- 5, 882 50 
ae HOH. 5. ee Ee v3 10, 305 (oll ollevaie sO nig N= sass aoe 5, 776 75 
Chickasha, Okla..:......-.... 10,179 20: ||? Delphos, ‘Ohios.- 2222-322 - 5, 745 100 
PMOTIgEN oY. iets 10, 169 60,1) ‘St. Marys, Ohio... ..-2.+..-3- 5, 679 100 
Whitthe, Indi i22..54 22:2. 10, 145 160 ti Oberlin, Ohio! 22822-2222. 4 4, 236 10 
AUsting Manni, = ce... 10, 118 65 || Brookings, S. Dak..........-. 3, 924 50 
Connersville, Ind............. , 901 25 || Pullman, Wash.2.. 2.2204 2225. 2,440 45 
aitnerson., Nod 2s. ov 9,497 OF lieDavis. Cali 2. oe 1, 500 97 
Webster Grove, Mo........... 9,474 44 || 
| 
The flash process consists in heating rapidly to the pasteurizing 
temperature, then cooling quickly. In this process the milk is heated 
from 30 seconds to 1 minute only, usually at a temperature of 160° 
F’. or above. In view of the previously mentioned requirements for 
pasteurized milk this process should not be considered suitable for 
. proper pasteurization. Several cities now prohibit the use of the 
flash process for the pasteurization of milk. 
In the holder process the milk is heated to temperatures of from 
140° to 150° F. and held for approximately 30 minutes, after which 
it is rapidly cooled. Sometimes the milk, instead of being held at a 
certain temperature in one tank for 30 minutes, is merely retarded 
in its passage through several tanks or other retarding device so that 
the length of time required for the milk to pass through is about 30 
SF minutes. In such cases, however, there is not always assurance that 
all the milk is held for the desired time. The holder process has 
almost entirely replaced the flash process, and is the one most used 
in this country. 
Pasteurization in bottles is the latest development of the process 
to be used on a practical scale. This process, as first practiced, con- 
sisted in putting the raw milk into bottles with water-tight seal caps, 
107148°—22 2 
