DEMURRAGE INFORMATION FOR FARMERS. 
17 
The Florida code appears to fix a different penalty for each case 
without reference to the question of simplicity and uniformity and 
the fact that the sole end to be attained is greater car efficiency. 
Georgia, in common with a number of other States, makes penalties 
accruing to shippers payable only on demand in writing within a 
certain time. Under a fair system of 11 reciprocal demurrage'' they 
should be payable and paid as promptly and with as little formality 
as demurrage charges due carriers from shippers. 
Montana exempts from the operation of the rules cars loaded or 
to be loaded with wool. 
The New Jersey statute is probably the briefest of any, merely 
providing the customary penalty of $1 per day with 3 days of free 
time for unloading. Nothing is said as to detention of cars for loading 
and none of the other points usually in a demurrage code are men- 
tioned. 
The North Dakota statute provides that consignees may refuse 
shipments not delivered at destination within 60 hours after they are 
due to arrive, and in case of refusal carriers shall be liable for the value 
of the goods, plus actual damages. The same section contains another 
provision which could be used to provide for the payment of rebates 
by requiring the carrier to forfeit to the shipper 10 per cent of the 
charges due on a carload shipment for each 24 hours that the car is 
delayed in transit. 
South Carolina provides that consignees 4 miles or more from the 
station shall have " sufficient time" by the exercise of " ordinary 
diligence" to i^aload cars. 
The Texas statute provides a "reciprocal" penalty of $25 per day 
for failure of carriers to furnish cars and failure of shippers to load 
or unload in 48 hours, such penalties to be " cumulative of and addi- 
tional to" the demurrage charges prescribed by the State commission. 
Among the various regulations of the commission is one providing 
that carriers shall place cars on unloading tracks designated by the 
consignee within 24 hours after arrival. For each 24 hours' delay 
beyond this time the shipper shall have 5 additional hours of free 
time. Penalizing the delay under the reciprocal provisions would 
more effectively promote car efficiency. 
The regulations of the Virginia commission allow from 24 to 36 
hours for the weighing of cars on track scales after arrival at destina- 
tion when consignees request weighing. The acceptance on Saturday 
afternoon by a consignee of personal notice of arrival of a shipment 
is construed as notice given on Monday prior to 6 p. m., thus making 
free time begin 7 a. m. Tuesday. Personal notice prior to 6 p. m. 
any other day makes free time begin 7 a. m. the following morning. 
