74 
BULLETIN 126, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
CENTRAL OREGON IRRIGATION CO., DESCHUTES, OREG. 
The north, canal of this company is concrete lined and diverts water 
from the Deschutes River a short distance below Bend, Oreg. 
A 1:4:5 mixture of Portland cement, sand, and crushed rock was 
used on this work, the extra amount of sand being required to replace 
a considerable portion of the grout lost in the dry wall back of the 
lining. In preparation for lining the earth slopes, made 1J to 1 to 
avoid the necessity for forms, were finished to within 4 inches of the 
inner surface of the completed work. The rock slopes, however, 
were so badly broken 
that it was necessary 
to fill cavities with 
hand -laid drv walls 
(fig. 8).^ 
Sectional forms 
made of shiplap were 
used repeatedly on the 
6,300 lineal feet of 
canal through rock,but 
no forms were used on 
the 1,000 lineal feet of 
canal in earth. Expansion joints spaced at 12-foot intervals along 
the sides and bottom were made of J by 4 inch wooden strips left in 
the finished concrete. 
ound-,- 
Fig. 8.— Section of concrete-lined canal in rock, Central Oregon Irri- 
gation Co., Deschutes, Oreg. 
DAVIS & WEBER COUNTIES CANAL CO., OGDEN, UTAH. 
During the years 1909 and 1910 this company enlarged and con- 
crete lined 9-J- miles of its main canal. When the canal was built in 
the eighties it carried less than 100 second-feet, but its capacity has 
been increased from time to time until in 1909 it reached 200 second- 
feet. It has been difficult and expensive to maintain this canal 
owing to its location near the top of a steep hillside flanking the Weber 
Kiver on the south. In July, 1893, the writer made a series of current 
meter measurements to determine the seepage losses throughout its 
length. The results showed a discharge at the headgate in Weber 
Canyon of 105.5 second-feet which in 9 J miles seepage had reduced 
to 78J second-feet, representing a loss of 26 per cent of the total 
diversion from the river. This seepage water found its way into the 
steep hillside and during 25 years of its operation as an unlined canal 
produced an endless variety of slides throughout a length of 7 miles. 
In fact, the whole hillside for this distance seemed to have been sub- 
jected to a severe earthquake shock. Tracts, several acres in extent, 
traversed by the canal have been known to drop through a vertical 
height of 7 feet as a result of the action of seepage waters on the 
underlying materials, 
and buildings located more than 600 feet from 
