26 BULLETIN 569, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
the task. One of these men handles the hose, directing the water 
where needed; the others loosen the dirt with stable brushes and give 
the final cleaning. In this way a large area can be cleaned quickly 
and effectively. 
At one plant of moderate size such a plan was observed under 
operation. The periods immediately preceding luncheon and at the 
close of the working day were set aside for cleaning. The employees 
worked with such a degree of system that in 10 minutes the sorting 
table, washing and scalding machines, peeling tables, buckets, filling 
machines, cyclones, finishers, and floors were given a thorough clean- 
ing. The reasons for this efficiency were that plenty of water was 
available, the apparatus was located conveniently, and each person had 
his or her part of the work to perform. Each woman cleaned her 
buckets and pans and her part of the peeling table, the sorters cleaned 
the sorting table, and washing and scalding outfits, while the pulp 
men were held accountable for the cleaning of their equipment. At 
the same time those working at the fillmg and capping machines 
cleaned their respective outfits. While these operations were going on 
several men had started flushing and scrubbing the floors at places 
where they would least interfere with the other employees, and as 
soon as the others had finished their cleaning the remainder of the 
floor was finished. The drains were so located as to help facilitate the 
entire operation. . 
If any part of the room had not been properly cleaned it was an 
easy matter to fix the responsibility, since each person had a definite 
work to perform. 
Apparatus if well cleaned should, when wet, be free from any 
slippery or slimy feel and when scraped should not yield a cheesy 
deposit. At the-close of the day’s work the equipment after being 
cleaned should be left in such position as to permit of ready drainage, 
ventilation, and drying. These precautions will tend to check the 
growth of microorganisms. Pails, pans, and buckets should not be 
stacked, as is frequently done, and the cyclones, as well as the tanks 
and vats, should be left open. 
PSYCHOLOGY OF CLEANLINESS. 
The old adage “ Like begets like ” is applicable in factories as well 
as elsewhere. Where there is intelligent and tactful demand for 
cleanliness on the part of the factory management there is certain 
to be a conscious or unconscious response on the part of the em- 
ployees. A workman has small incentive to adopt cleanly methods, 
however, if filthy, slovenly, or unsystematic conditions about the 
factory are the rule. Workmen usually prefer employment in clean 
surroundings. One factory owner who maintained his plant in good 
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