6 BULLETIN 1426, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
been many instances of very severe damage to clover in the Willa- 
mette Valley, even during the first crop year. This pest first attracted 
attention in Oregon about 1895, as Cordley (8) noted its oceur- 
rence under date of March 24,1896. It therefore was present even 
in the early days of red-clover culture in Oregon. 
Clover culture for hay and seed was introduced on the Yakima 
Indian reservation of Washington within recent years. All the clover 
pests of the Willamette Valley soon became prevalent there, partic- 
ularly the clover root borer. It is thought that the pest was intro- 
duced into this section with Willamette Valley hay used at the con- 
struction camps of the irrigation project. 
The only section of the Pacific Northwest where clover is largely 
grown and where the clover root borer has not yet been found is the 
clover-seed section in the Twin Falls region of Idaho. This region 
was settled before the advent of the railroad and has always raised 
Fic. 1.—Distribution of clover root borer in the United States, as recorded in the literature. The 
insect is probably more generally distributed in the northern part of the United States than is 
here indicated 
a surplus of hay,so that probably no hay has ever been imported 
into the region. In this section clover stands have often remained 
productive for several years, although recently injury by nematode 
worms is leading to the adoption of a shorter rotation. 
DISTRIBUTION 
According to information compiled from various sources, the clover 
root borer is now found in Russia (Kief); Germany; Austria; Czech- 
oslovakia; France; England; Canary Islands; Denmark; Italy 
(Tuscany); Canada (southern Quebec and Ontario); in the northern 
ee of the eastern United States, from western Maryland, West 
irginia, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Lllinois, and Lowa, to the Great 
Lakes, and covering a portion of New England; in Utah (Salt Lake 
Valley); in Idaho (Boise, Moscow); in Washington (Pullman, Yak- 
A 
