16 BULLETIN 650, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
system for tenants, and receives two-thirds of the celery. The ten- 
ant under this system supplies all hand labor. 
On general farms throughout the country where several extensive 
crops are produced, the tenant is commonly expected to provide tools 
and work stock. Occasionally the landlord may furnish certain 
pieces of machinery and sometimes a part of the horses; or rarely 
the landlord supplies all equipment as an offset to certain other con- 
siderations. On such farms the landlord’s share is one-half, one- 
third, two-fifths, or some other fraction of all crops, according to 
local conditions. On some tenant farms in Ohio the landlord sup- 
plies all equipment and receives two-thirds of all crops. On a few 
Virginia farms where the tenant furnishes all equipment he receives 
three-fourths of the crops; usually, however, in that State under 
these conditions the tenant’s share is two-thirds. 
On stock farms it is customary for the landlord and tenant to hold 
an equal interest in all productive stock. They either purchase the 
stock in partnership or one owns the stock before the contract is en- 
tered into and the other buys a half interest, or the landlord may 
provide all the stock, sharing the increase and proceeds equally. In 
such cases the landlord receives at the expiration of the lease his 
original number of stock. Occasionally the landlord may own all 
productive stock, pay the tenant wages for caring for the stock, and 
take all stock proceeds. The tenant thereby obviously becomes a 
mere hired laborer. In a few instances the landowner supplies all 
of the poultry and receives as his share one-half the eggs and in- 
crease. 
On dairy farms custom varies with regard to the ownership of the 
cows, pigs, and poultry. In Wisconsin the cows and chickens are 
commonly owned half and half. Sometimes the landlord owns all 
the cows and chickens. More frequently the tenant owns all of the 
chickens. In Illinois the landlord usually owns all cows, the tenant 
bearing one-half of the cost of cows to replace those that die, while 
less often the cows are owned in partnership. The tenant most fre- 
quently supplies all of the chickens, but they may be owned jointly. 
In Vermont the landlord usually owns all of the cows and the tenant 
one-half of the other productive stock. In Delaware the landlord 
usually owns all of the cows or, less frequently, one-half of them. 
In New Jersey the tenant commonly owns one-half of the cows and 
hogs and all of the poultry, receiving all of the returns from the 
poultry, while other proceeds are divided equally. Occasionally, in 
Sussex Ceunty, N. J., and in Delaware, the tenant may furnish only 
the labor, while the landlord owns all the cows and pays two-thirds 
of the cost of feed and fertilizer, receiving as his share two-thirds 
of the dairy products. In Pennsylvania the landlord commonly owns 
