54 BULLETIN 224, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
TABLE 23.—Clean eggs compared with dirty eggs \D House, 1911). 
| 
Bacteria per gram | B 
on plain agarin- | Gas- | Lique- a 
a ae Dateof | cubated at— producing) fying | nitrogen 
eae Description of samples. collec- |pacteniat|) orsad-e | aecin 
saat tion Der Sra |) ASHIS Fa iarethiod 
| |in lactose per ae 
| CACO UN ayn ol | bile. gram. esi: 
Whole egg: 1911. Per cent. 
243 @leantshellsna2 sys ne eee July 12 29,500 | 100,000 LO). see eens 0.0017 
244 Dirty smells see fe. soe oe ea OOe ea lg 000 67, 000 10 | 2,000 . 0017 
234 Gleanishelis 2225-22 | July 11 4,900 3, 600 iL OOOi Ei seee eens - 0017 
235 Dirtyshellsy see soe eee ...do....| 190,000 | 140,000 LOO Ree Sah eeee: .0017 
353 @lesrsnelse a) 2 ees ee aa | July 24 () 68, 000 100s |. ees . 0018 
354 Dirty Shelises aes a eee ead Osea! 1, 700,000 |2,100,000 | 100,000 |.......... . 0016 
373 Clean Shelis=ee eee eee | July 25} 10,500 é 0} 10,000 0019 
374 Dirtyishellss 22 2 see le he do....| 960,000} 810,000; 10,000 | 210,000 - 0016 
385 Clean'ishells S535: " Ve eee July 26 77,000 | 240,000 | 10008) <2 neaeee 20018 
386 IDIrby SHeUSaeeeres oak See oe ee do... ./4, 700,000 |3,000,000 |1,000,000 |.......... . 0020 
i i 
1 Sterile at 1,000. 
The same differences in bacterial count were observed in the drip collecting in the 
bottom of the tray after breaking clean and dirty eggs. These results are given 
in Table 24. 
TABLE 24.—Drip in breaking tray from clean and dirty eggs (D House, 1911). 
Bacteria 
Ware per gram on Gas producing 
pie ate o ain agar acteria 
Number. Description of samples. collections Peaheren er gram in 
at room actose bile. 
temperature. 
Af 
Ail lean CS PSitoce sce eka P Lasko me tee ete July 25,1911 24,500 shor ee 
4 (oi [See COs 5 sae che sacs 3 hoe aoe hs Be Peale ee doseeeee= 32,500 i|=2 o.oo eee 
BSialecsce Oe on eso ee ee See eee te ae oe eee July 26,1911 95, 000 1, 000 
BOSS case LO eee eee Se ee awe ane cee beree dol eee 81,000 10, 000 
108 
BLU SDITtyjCSES i ee oxo tee ee ee Se Sees July 25,1911 450, OOO iste ces 2s 
ats) | ose CLO er eo ae A Bee ects eee ol ee does. 410; O00|/2a53-2ee eee eee 
389 |....- CO nae oe ee ee ee reg Bae ters July 26,1911 1, 600, 000 - 100,000 
390) fe LOL ie ache os ee ea ee ao Se en GO! eee 600, 000 1,000 
A SPECIAL STUDY APPLYING INFORMATION OBTAINED DURING THE SUMMER OF 1911 TO 
A WELL-EQUIPPED HOUSE, 
The construction of the room in D house was excellent and the equipment good. 
Cleanliness could be maintained and the work people were flexible. It seemed de- 
sirable, therefore, to put into practical operation in this house the information on the 
handling of frozen eggs that had been gathered during the course of investigations in 
1911. The first week of September, 1911, was chosen for this series of experiments. 
The weather in that section of the country had been very hot and humid, and the 
deterioration of the egg supply had hastened accordingly. It was the season also for 
the tall weeds to fall, hence many stolen nests were discovered and their contents sent 
to market. These factors combined to give a supply of eggs that were very difficult 
to grade, and the loss in both the candling and breaking rooms was heavy. 
The candlers and breakers have an inherent tendency to keep the records of losses 
as low as possible, thinking that they are benefiting their employer thereby, hence the 
candler will pass eggs that should be discarded, and the breaker, after throwing away 
a certain number, will begin to save eggs that she would not have used had their number 
been fewer. This condition prevailed in D house at the time of the experiments and 
was caused by the sudden influx of low-grade eggs. It was necessary, therefore, to 
See ee ee oe 
