PREPARATION OF FROZEN AND DRIED EGGS. oo 
SEASON oF 1912, ArreR REMODELING. 
This plant was practically rebuilt so far as the space used for candling, breaking, 
and storage of eggs was concerned. All the rooms involved in handling the eggs 
from their receipt until they went to the drying machine were refrigerated. 
The increased supply of refrigeration was used to chill all incoming eggs at least 24 
hours before candling; to keep the candling room at about 55° F.; to maintain a tem- 
perature of 60° F. in the breaking room; to keep the liquid egg at a temperature below 
40° F. while holding it to supply the drying machines; and, finally, to freeze the 
liquid egg, if it was to go into commerce hard frozen. 
CONSTRUCTION. 
Breaking room.—The construction of the breaking room was materially changed. 
It was insulated with 2 inches of cork and was of reinforced concrete construction 
except the ceiling, which consisted of two layers of tongued-and-grooved 3-inch 
boards. The windows were closed with four panes of glass for insulation, with a prism 
glass on the outside to evenly distribute the light. The walls and ceiling were finished 
with white waterproof enamel. The wash room was separate from the breaking room, 
and a vestibule protected the latter from atmospheric temperatures. The creamery 
tank was in the opposite end of the breaking room and was not partitioned off. Brine 
pipes fastened to the ceiling and_an incoming supply of chilled air furnished the 
necessary refrigeration and ventilation. The general appearance of the room is 
shown in Plates V and VI. 
Wash room.—The room in which the cleansing and sterilizing of the egg-breaking 
apparatus was performed was also of cement construction, well lighted and with floor 
drains. (Pl. XI, fig. 1.) 
Freezer —The freezer was constructed with brine-pipe racks on which the cans of 
liquid egg were set. These racks, through which the brine circulated, greatly expe- 
dited the freezing of the egg. (PI. XIII, fig. 1.) 
Candling room.—The candles, which had two holes, were remodeled so that the 
oval openings against which the eggs rested were of such a size and the edges so beveled 
that the egg entirely closed the space. A tungsten electric bulb was placed behind 
each hole. As the eggs were graded they were placed in galvanized-iron buckets 
holding 12 dozen each. In the bottom of each bucket was a woven-wire screen 
supported by a l-inch galvanized-iron rim. The eggs rested on this screen, which 
served as a cushion, so lessening breakage and offering a protection from the leakage 
which might collect in the bottom of the pail. The outfit of one candler is shown in 
Plate IX, figure l. 
When filled, the buckets were transported to the breaking room on a mechanical 
carrier, consisting of two endless belts connected by crossbars on which the buckets 
hung by loose hooks, so that they were always upright. This arrangement obviated 
the necessity of taking trucks into the breaking room. 
_ EQUIPMENT. 
Breaking room.—The tables used in the breaking room were covered with zinc and 
were supported on legs of galvanized-iron pipe. (Pls. Vand VI and PI. IX, fig. 3.) 
No wood was exposed. Four holes, about 5 inches in diameter, were placed at equal 
distances along the middle of the table. Into these holes galvanized-iron funnels 
were fitted, and served to conduct the shells into the galvanized-iron tubs which were 
set below them on the floor. One such funnel was used by two breakers. On the 
end of the table a frame, constructed of galvanized-iron pipe, was used to support the 
trays which held the sterilized cups and breaking knives. Under this tray, on the 
table itself, was a second tray used to collect the soiled apparatus. (Pl. V.) 
The breaking outfit consisted of a rectangular cast-iron aes into which were soldered 
two uprights, one of which terminated in a ring to hold the cup, the other in a 
flat plate with two buttons for holding the breaking knife. This knife was about 4 
inches long and about | inch wide. A white enameled pan rested on the base to catch 
the liquid egg which dropped off the breaking knife. The cup used was of annealed 
glass with a smooth surface inside and out and held four eggs. The construction, in 
detail, of this breaking equipment is shown in figure 6. The eggs were emptied from 
the shells into the cups, which were, in turn, emptied into a 12-quart enameled pail. 
A galvanized-iron box for holding the tissue paper used for drying fingers is shown 
in Plate IX, figure 3. These boxes were hung on the pails containing the shell eggs. 
Wash room.—The wash room (Pl. XI, fig. 1) was equipped with metal throughout. 
It contained two round-bottomed sinks, two sterilizers, and gas-pipe shelves to hold 
pele, trays, etc., after sterilization. The sinks were supplied with an abundance of 
ot. and cold water. 
88374°—Bull. 224163 
