STANDARD DAYS WORK IN CENTRAL ILLINOIS. 
29 
the work of the other men, especially the one on the wagon, is not 
as hard as when unloading by hand. The horses used on the hay- 
fork rope are usually the same as those used for drawing the hay 
from the field, and would be standing idle if the hay was unloaded 
by hand. 
HAULING AND SPREADING MANURE. 
In gathering data on the use of manure spreaders each farmer 
was asked to give the size of load ordinarily hauled (in bushels), 
the number of horses generally used, the most common distance 
hauled, and time required for one man to load, haul to the field, 
spread and return. The same information was obtained for haul- 
ing in a wagon box and spreading b}^ hand. (See Table XXXI.) 
The most common distance from the barn to the field reported 
was 80 rods, with an average of 75 rods for the spreader and 74 rods 
for the wagon. Sixty bushels was reported most often as a load for 
the spreader, but 50, 70, 75, and 80 bushels were each given as an 
ordinary load in more than 10 per cent of the reports. Thirty 
bushels was given most frequently as a load for the wagon, but 40, 
50, and 60 bushels were each given as an ordinary load in from 10 
to 20 per cent of the reports. 
About 60 per cent of the farmers use three horses with the 
spreader, about 30 per cent use 4-horse teams and the remainder 
2 -horse teams. The size of the load and distance hauled, however, 
apparently have very little to do with the number of horses used. 
Two horses are nearly always used when hauling in a wagon. 
Table XXXI. — Hauling and spreading manure (time required to load, haul to 
field, spread, and return). 
Wagon . . 
Spreader. 
Number 
ofreports. 
312 
382 
Number 
of horses. 
2 
2,3,4 
Distance 
hauled. 
Rods. 
74 
75 
Size of Time per 
load. load. 
Bushels. 
44 
65 
Minutes. 
68. < 
45. ( 
From Table XXXI it is evident that a given amount of manure 
can be handled in less than one-half the time with the spreaders in 
common use than with the wagons, the manure being handled at the 
rate of 1.4 bushels per minute with the spreader, and of less than 
seven-tenths of a bushel per minute with the wagon. The increase in 
efficiency is due not only to the saving in time when spreading the 
manure, but also to the fact that considerably larger loads are hauled 
in the spreaders and comparatively less time is spent in going to 
and from the field. Besides this saving in time the manure will 
usually be spread more evenly over the field, and the hard work of 
spreading with a fork is entirely eliminated. 
