44 
BULLETIN 71 
U. S. DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE. 
As will be observed from Table XXVI, infection did not occur in 
any of the experiments in which brood-combs from Nosema-infected 
colonies were given to healthy ones. The practical import of the 
results is that brood-combs from Nosema-infected colonies need not be 
destroyed, but maybe inserted without treatment into hives contain- 
ing healthy bees with practically no fear that losses will result from 
such manipulation. (See also experiment No. 2, p. 25.) 
RESISTANCE OF NOSEMA APIS TO CARBOLIC ACID. 
Stomachs taken from Nosema-infected bees were crushed and 
suspended in aqueous solutions of carbolic acid (commercial) . One, 2, 
and 4 per cent solutions were used. These suspensions, respectively, 
were distributed in test tubes and were allowed to stand at room 
temperature. After different intervals healthy colonies were inocu- 
lated, the suspension from a single tube being used for each. 
A summary of experiments performed with the results obtained is 
given in Table XXVII. 
Table XXYII. — Effect of carbolic acid on Nosema apis. 
Date of inoculation. 
Per cent 
of car- 
bolic- 
acid 
solution. 
Period in carbolic 
acid. 
Hours. 
Minutes. 

10 
1 

6 

51 


10 
1 

6 

27 

1 

5 

27 

Results of inoculation. 
Aug. 18, 1915 1 
July 16, 1915 1 
July 2, 1915 1 
June 9, 1915 1 1 
Aug. 18, 1915 ! 2 
July 16, 1915 j 2 
July 2, 1915 2 
June 8, 1915 1 2 
July 16, 1915 4 
July 2, 1915 1 4 
June 8, 1915 1 4 
No infection produced. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
From the preliminary results given in Table XXVII it will be noted 
that Nosema apis is rapidly destroyed in 1, 2, and 4 per cent aqueous 
solutions, respectively, of carbolic acid, showing that the parasite 
possesses very slight resistance to the disinfectant. 
EFFECT OF DRUGS ON NOSEMA-DISEASE. 
It is natural that beekeepers should have thought of drugs and 
employ them in the treatment of Nosema infection. Preliminary 
experiments have been made to obtain data relative to the effect of 
betanaphthol, salol (phenyl salicylate), carbolic acid (phenol), salicylic 
acid, formic acid, oil of eucalyptus, and quinin (bisulphate of 
quinin) on this infection. It will be recalled that most of these 
drugs have been given a trial from time to time by beekeepers in the 
treatment of one or more of the bee diseases. 
