NOSEMA-DISEASE. 
35 
From Table XIV it will be observed that the parasite was destroyed 
in 9 days in the presence of fermentation processes taking place in 
a 20 per cent honey solution at outdoor temperature. 
At refrigerator temperature it was found that Nosema apis resisted 
fermentative processes for more than seven and less than nine days. 
It will be observed from the results obtained that Nosema apis 
in the presence of fermentative processes is destroyed in a compara- 
tively short time. The period, it will be seen, varies somewhat with 
the temperature of the fermenting suspension. The experiments 
tend to indicate, furthermore, that the time element depends slightly 
upon the nature of the fermenting medium, the germ being destroyed 
sooner in a honey solution than in a saccharose one. The time element 
is dependent also upon the strength of the solutions employed. 
RESISTANCE OF NOSEMA APIS TO PUTREFACTION. 
Experiments have been made for the purpose of obtaining results 
relative to the resistance possessed by Nosema apis to putrefactive 
processes. The nature of the experiments was similar to those rela- 
tive to fermentation but instead of sugar solutions used for the 
suspensions a 1 per cent peptone solution in water was employed. 
In the experiments, suspensions, after undergoing putrefactive changes 
at incubator, room, outdoor, and refrigerator temperatures, respec- 
tively, were used in the inoculation of colonies. 
PUTREFACTION AT INCUBATOR TEMPERATURE. 
The experiments summarized in Table XV indicate the resistance 
of Nosema apis to putrefaction at incubator temperature. 
Table XV. — Resistance of Nosema apis to putrefaction at incubator temperature. 
Date of inoculation. 
Period of 
putrefac- 
tion. 
Results of inoculations. 
July 25, 1916. 
July 26, 1916. 
July 27, 1916. 
July 28, 1916. 
July 12, 1916. 
Sept. 10, 1915 
July 15, 1916. 
July 17, 1916. 
Days 
Nosema infection produced. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
No infection produced. 
Do. 
Do. 
Do. 
By the results recorded in Table XV it is shown that Nosema 
apis was destroyed by putrefaction at incubator temperature in 
five days. 
