MARKETING HAY AT COUNTRY POINTS. 7 
" SANDWICHED " HAY. 
It is a waste of time, energy, and money to " sandwich " hay, 
especially if such hay is shipped to a terminal market, because the 
" sandwiching " is likely to be detected, and the shipper will have 
to stand a heavy discount. " Sandwiched " hay is hay that con- 
tains any stained, bleached, moldy, or rotten hay. The unintentional, 
careless sandwiching of hay is inexcusable even when the hay is 
baled b}^ a custom presser, for the producer should be present and 
see that all unmarketable hay is cut out and thrown to one side. 
Shipping- this kind of hay is often the cause of the shipper's failing 
to get a "repeat " order from his customer. In some markets dealers 
keep each other informed concerning shippers who ship such hay 
or attempt to perpetrate this or other sharp practices. 
If hay is in such bad condition that it is not possible or feasible 
to prevent the baling of all of the bad hay, the best practice for the 
shipper is to invoice the hay for just what he knows it to be, stating 
the amount of sandwiching, so the receiver will know that the shipper 
is not trying to deceive. 
It is not always possible for a shipper to load a car uniformly, and 
in such instances proper invoicing will enable the shipper to dispose 
of his sandwiched hay to good advantage and avoid entirely dis- 
putes and consequent losses. 
PLACING THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR BAD BALING PRACTICES. 
It is the unanimous opinion of the hay trade, in practically all 
parts of the country, that something should be done to put a stop 
to bad baling practices. " Sandwiching " and placing incorrect 
weights on tags fastened to bales are two practices that should be 
done away with, because these practices are responsible for a large 
percentage of disputes between shipper and receiver. 
In many instances the shipper or producer-shipper is obliged to 
rely on the custom baler's weights, since wagon scales are not ac- 
cessible. Incorrect tag weights are usually the result of carelessness 
or dishonesty on the part of the presser and producer-shipper. 
Many in the hay business are in favor of licensing custom balers 
and making them responsible for tag weights and the prevention of 
"sandwiching" or "veneering" hay. In some States, for instance 
New York State, the department of weights and measures has done 
excellent work in bettering tag weights. The improvement was 
brought about by fines imposed on custom pressers. Usually after 
one fine the presser made sure that his weights were correct. In 
other States it has not been possible to follow this method to prevent 
this practice. 
