VITAMIN B IN EDIBLE TISSUES OF OX, SHEEP, AND HOG. 3 
part of them died early in the test, while the others did fairly well, 
though their growth was retarded. Ox flesh gave rather better 
results. A part of the very young rats died early, while the remainder 
grew fairly well but did not attain normal weight. Young rats 2 to 
3 months old did well on the diet, reaching greater weights than the 
controls. : 
Cooper (6) (1912) appears to have been the first to study syste- 
matically the’ antineuritic properties of muscle (beef). Five lots of 
pigeons of five birds each were fed polished rice, and in addition the 
birds in the several pens were fed daily 2, 4, 6, 10, and 20 grams each, 
respectively, of fresh beef. The results of this test indicate that the 
daily addition of 20 grams of fresh beef to the rice diet was necessary 
in order to prevent the development of polyneuritis in pigeons during 
a period of 50 days. The average weight of the pigeons receiving 20 
erams each of beef daily- was slightly greater at the close of the test 
than at the start; but the addition of less than 20 grams of beef daily 
to the diet was only sufficient either to delay the occurrence of the 
symptoms of the disease or to reduce their severity. 
Osborne and Mendel (7) (1917) found that a diet containing 20 
per cent of dried ox muscle as the sole source of vitamins and protein, 
and otherwise adequate, did not induce growth in young rats. The 
addition of butterfat to the ration did not improve its quality; but 
when dried yeast was added, normal growth took place. A ration 
containing 5 per cent of water-soluble solids of fresh beef, which would 
correspond to 28.9 per cent of dried muscle, did not induce normal 
erowth in rats, although somewhat better results were obtained than 
with the ration that contained 20 per cent of dried muscle. 
Cole (S) (1917) fed a dried-meat powder prepared from the lean 
meat of South American cattle to young rats, the meat amounting 
to 26.8 per cent of the ration. The meat was the sole source of pro- 
tein and vitamins. The rats made satisfactory growth during a 14- 
day period and the author concludes that the product contains a good 
supply of the accessory food factors. 
Voegtlin and Lake (9) (1919) studied the antineuritic properties 
of beef when fed to dogs, cats, and rats. Two cats were maintained 
for 180 days in perfect health on an exclusive diet of beef that had been 
heated for 3 hours at 120° C. ‘Two pregnant cats fed the same ration 
developed polyneuritis in 45 and 110 days respectively. The authors 
call attention to the great difference in the susceptibility of dogs, 
cats, and rats to polyneuritis when fed the same ration. When fed 
exclusively on beef that had been heated for 3 hours at 120° C. in the 
presence of sodium carbonate, cats developed polyneuritis as early 
as the eighteenth day, dogs at a month to 6 weeks, and rats lived for 
at least 110 days without showing symptoms of the disease. 
McCollum, Simmonds, and Parsons (10) (1921) investigated the 
nutritive value of ox muscle when fed to white rats. Two lots of rats 
_ were fed rations in which the vitamins were furnished exclusively 
in 25 per cent of dried raw and 25 per cent of dried cooked muscle, 
respectively. In both lots growth ceased at the end of about four 
weeks. Five per cent of butterfat was then added to each of the 
rations and there was a marked response in growth. In another 
test, rats fed a ration containing 20 per cent of ox muscle and vita- 
min A in the form of 3 per cent butterfat made fair but not normal 
growth. Another lot of rats fed exclusively on ox muscle made little 
