MAINE SARDINE INDUSTRY. Ae 
at a cannery, and had been only a short time in brine. After being 
steamed and dried, under ordinary commercial conditions, these fish 
were taken to the laboratory, where the heads were removed, and the 
portion used for packing ground and thoroughly mixed. A repre- 
sentative sample was reserved for analysis and the remainder was 
packed in cans which were sealed and processed for 12 hours at 212° 
F. Samples taken at varying periods were analyzed, with the results 
shown in Table 32. 
TABLE 32.—Ammonia and amine content of sardines stored for short periods. 
Total Volatile nitrogen (N ) per Percentage of 
volatile 100 grams as— total as— 
Condition of fish (ground : : nitrogen 
flesh). Waiter. Fat. (N ) per | ‘ 
100 ee Am- i . om AM- 2 
grams. Total. Tee Amines. ROT. Amines. 
| 
Before packing in quarter oil |Per cent. |Per cent. Ma. Mg. Mg. Mg. |Per cent. |\Per cent. 
CANS es eee ae AS 67.01 9.07 14.0 13350) 7.4 5.9 55.6 44.4 
After packing and processing 
Lp hoursati2i2° Ba Ss ie. 65. 75 9.13 30.3 139.7 25.3 14.4 63.6 36.4 
After packing, processing, 
and standing— 
eon Teco ee Ae ee mGozoo 9.02 42.0 146.8 21.2 19.6 58.1 41.9 
DRT OND Shear eek ere 67.00 8.72 47.8 1 47.3 22.6 24.7 47.8 Sys) 
SETA ON NS See sis ee 66. 40 8.69 52.5 153%. L 24.2 28.9 45.6 54.4 
Abn ONS 28 ce =e ee ae 66. 64 8.18 55.0 254.3 25.9 28.4 47.7 SPs} 
GamTlOnLhSeee eae ee 66. 25 9.23 55.6 255.6 ge a 36.5 34.3 65.7 
[Sinronthesssee 2o4 5 oe 64.79 9.93 69.0 269.0 35. 8 Be 51.9 48.1 
SORMOTUNS Sete a er ps eee ee! JET RAEI ayn pteee, ge 4 278.9 41.3 37.6 52.4 47.6 
SOM OWI 14S meee ne ne ee en | ieee ANN lS Sebon ae 282.4 44.0 38.4 53.4 46.4 
1 hese determinations were made on the combined volatile alkaline nitrogen obtained from two 50-gram 
samples. 
2 These determinations were made on the combined volatile alkaline nitrogen obtained from thirty 
3-gram samples. * 
Tsraeticadt je pee ce 
An increase in the amount of ammonia, with a corresponding 
decrease in the relative amount of amines, occurred during the 
processing. The actual amounts of both the ammonia and amines 
increased. Standing caused a gradual increase in the amount of 
total alkaline material obtained from the flesh, due to the formation 
of amines, the ammonia content remaining fairly constant, with the 
exception of the samples taken from the 6-months’-old pack, when a 
decrease in the amount of ammonia was noted. 
The results expressed as percentage of the total volatile alkaline 
material point more clearly to a reduction in the quantity of ammonia, 
with a corresponding increase in the relative amount of amines, up 
to and including the 6-month period of standing. 
The increase in total volatile material continued in the case of the 
cans stored for 18 and 36 months. A more marked increase over the 
amount found at the end of 6 months occurred during the last year 
and ahalf. The incipient swell cans contained but aslightly greater 
quantity of volatile alkaline material than the normal cans. The 
separation of ammonia and amines in the volatile alkaline material 
