LONGLEAF PINE. 19 
be observed in any well-stocked stand in which are found dominant 
trees, others that are barely living, and still others that have died 
for lack of overhead light, soil moisture, or root space. If these 
trees are cut and utilized, the total yield of the stand is considerably 
increased, and the stand is made more profitable. 
The following- facts concerning a few of the stands actually meas- 
ured (see Table 10) will serve as illustrations of what may be 
expected in the way of yields from well-stocked longleaf stands, 
commonly considered locally as " dense " stands : 
1. A 23-year-old stand, consisting of 210 trees per acre averaging 
8.1 inches in diameter and 76 feet in height, contained 23 cords of 
wood (with the bark) or 17 cords of peeled w T ood. If all trees measur- 
ing 10 inches and over in diameter were cut, the stand would saw 
out about 2,850 board feet; or if all trees 8 inches and over were 
cut, it would produce 4,984 feet. By the Dojde log rule, however, 
all trees measuring 7 inches and over in diameter scaled only 1,430, 
or less than one-third of what might actually be sawed. 2 
2. A 25-year-old stand, with 560 trees per acre averaging 29 feet 
in height and 4.2 inches in diameter, contained 10 cords of wood with 
the bark on or 7 cords of peeled wood. The stand had no trees as 
large as 10 inches in diameter, but contained about 700 board feet 
of timber in trees 8 inches and over in diameter. If the logs in the 
trees measuring 7 inches and over were scaled by the Doyle rule, 
there would be only 160 board feet per acre. 
3. A 25-year-old stand, containing 279 trees which averaged 54 
feet in height and 7.6 inches in diameter, contained 30 cords with 
bark, or 23 cords of peeled wood. It amounted to 3,579 feet, if it 
was closely sawed, and if all trees 10 inches and over were used; 
or 6,980 feet if all the trees down to and including those 8 inches in 
diameter were taken. If scaled by the Doyle rule, the stand had 
2,157 feet. 
4. A 50-year-old stand, which consisted of 304 dominant trees av- 
eraging 63 feet in height and 9.2 inches in diameter, contained 55 
cords of wood with bark, or 42 cords without bark. It had 8,565 
board feet if closely utilized down to and including 10-inch trees, or 
14.450 feet if the trees 8 inches in diameter and larger were used. 
The Doyle rule gave 2,128 board feet, 
5. A 70-year-old stand — an average of two stands of the same age 
(PI. I) — consisted of 265 trees per acre which averaged 68 feet in 
height and 11.2 inches in diameter, and contained 58 cords of wood 
with bark or 46 cords without bark. If scaled by the Doyle rule, all 
trees 7 inches and up showed 9,600 board feet. If cut closely and 
actually scaled or measured at the mill, all trees 10 inches and up 
contained about 18,000 board feet, or all trees 8 inches and up (there 
were only a few of this class) contained 19,400 board feet. 
If the above-described stands are examined, and if reference is 
made to Tables 1, 4, and 9, it will be noted, for example, that the 23- 
year-old stand (1) consisted of relatively few trees per acre, but that 
these averaged large both in diameter and in height. Also, as com- 
3 By the Doyle rule, small-sized timber usually scales only one-third to two-thirds of the 
amount that can actually be cut by careful sawing and close utilization in the log. 
