10 BULLETIN 1381, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
cost of pigs at weaning time, because of weaning a larger number 
per sow. The average corn consumed per 100 pounds for the 
1-litter system was 401.1 pounds for the years1921 and 1922. When 
fall pigs were added, the corn consumed increased to 405.6 pounds. 
Larger quantities of oats and other small grains were consumed on 
the 1-litter farms, but the total of tankage, skim milk, and other 
protein feeds was higher on the 2-litter farms. 
The labor required to care for the hogs when one litter was pro- 
duced was 1.53 hours man labor and 0.29 hour horse work per 100 
pounds for the 2 years. The greater care required of fall pigs during 
the winter months increased the average when two litters were raised 
to 1.70 hours man labor and 0.41 hour horse work. However, the 
winter labor on fall pigs usually comes at a time when there is nothing 
much else to do. 
The economy of producing two litters per year is shown in the 
capital investments required. The capital investments used per 
100 pounds produced by the 1-litter system was $2.60 in equipment, 
$1.32 in lot, and $2.42 in the breeding herd. The larger volume of 
pork produced under the 2-litter system brought the investments 
per 100 pounds to $1.99 in equipment, $1.19 in the lot, and $1.73 in 
the breeding herd. 
The average quantities of feeds, labor, and other factors required 
ae 100 pounds is given separately for the years 1921 and 1922 in 
able 4. The larger quantities of farm-grown feeds fed the second 
year is interesting evidence of the hog producer’s effort to produce 
pork with as little purchased feed as possible. 
TABLE 4.—Average quantities of feed, labor, and other factors required to produce 
100 pounds of pork 
One litter per year Two litters per year 
Basic factor of cost 4 _ a 
1921 =") 1922 Average 1921 1922 Average 
ena Or pork produced ss S22) Sita 614, 959 340, 332 | ! 955, 291 456, 668 698, 251 | 11, 154, 919 
eeds: ; 
LCST Lf URE Fe aS ge A aeleert ag pounds 399. 5 404. 0 401.1 407.0 404. 6 405. 6 
ni). Men iia tg = Se (9) 17.2 28. 4 21.2 21.0 18. 2 19.3 
RSEMee CALs so) ad ee ea G0 -ce- ay | 2.5 1.4 a 3 .2 
BUR IDGUOBY ine fe rs Se eee i «eB 5.1 2.0 .4 5. 1 372 
Tankage 2.2.2 2S. UN ats 324 tt Cl ees 10. 4 7.0 9. 2 13.3 8.5 10. 4 
Sleiman Ke ns Se ne €0. = POT *} 9.9 15.8 32.3 21.4 AN 
Other provelus.-.'. 235.22 dG... 4.1 6.0 4.8 ve ita .8 
by BUTE CET, FE a em I ee do... ay 32 5 1.6 1.0 1.2 
Posture tye Gayo.t2 2 ks ee ® 3. 70 3. 09 3. 48 B20) 2.99 3.10 
Labor: 
Mar ogres. ob Ss 3S: A ee ee ‘1.53 1. 53 1.53 1.73 1. 68 1.70 
Horse Hops 2-2: eho ie ee . 29 . 30 . 29 . 34 - 46 41 
Investment in equipment --_-_-__..._-_--_-- 2. 69 2. 43 2. 60 2. 49 1. 67 1. 99 
Tayvestment Innotss 5.3.28. 2 2 Es Eee | Vai Gr fal 1. 60 1. 32 1. 24 1.15 1.19 
Investment in breeding herd_____________- 2. 39 | 2. 48 2.42 1. 73 1.74 1. 73 
1 Total pounds of pork produced. ; ; 
2A “‘pasture unit day”’ is a day spent on pasture by one animal unit of hogs. See footnote on page 21 
for definition of an animal unit of hogs. 
ANALYSIS OF COST OF PRODUCTION DATA 
The pork production process divides itself naturally into two 
distinct phases: (1) The management of the breeding herd for the 
urpose of raising weanling pigs, and (2) the fattening of those pigs 
or market. Each phase presents different problems for the producer. 
He may be cel in the first phase and a failure in the second, or 
