COST OF PRODUCING HOGS IN IOWA AND ILLINOIS 15 
mouth (known as stomatitis). Losses classed as miscellaneous, 
from known and unknown causes, indicate a lack of attention to the 
igs on the part of some farmers, the losses of pigs sometimes not 
frais detected until too late to determine what caused their death 
or disappearance. These conditions make definite records on all 
losses often impossible. This is especially true of fall pigs where they 
are left to shift for themselves. 
The severe weather in the spring of 1922 caused a much heavier 
loss among the spring pigs than in 1921. The average number of 
pigs lost before weaning in the spring of 1921 was 31.5 per cent of 
those farrowed, and in 1922, 40.3 per cent. The weather made it 
necessary to house the sows and litters for a much longer period in 
the spring of 1922, which increased the percentage of pigs overlaid 
from 9.4 per cent in 1921 to 15.5 per cent in 1922. The methods of 
preventing losses from many of these causes are well understood by hog 
producers. Their prevention is eee with proper care and manage- 
ment and does not always involve professional services. 
TABLE 8.—Causes of losses in the pig crop from farrowing to weaning; number lost 
in each 1,000 pigs farrowed 
Spring litters Fall litters 
Cause 
1921 1922 1921 1922 
Number | Number | Number | Number 
in 1,000 | in 1,000 | in 1,000 | in 1,000 
CONV Or tl penn pre os at ii SOS en a a re) 94. 0 155. 2 56. 4 101. 0 
UPTO REC] Tiss a0 2 SSeS a a Oe eo se ea ee a Oe 52.3 61.8 65. 0 33. 3 
TEES GL iy Sk Lee I ae AI a a A ne a 2 46.7 43.4 14.9 16.7 
Sav teen eee ee Se a ee 16.9 15.6 16. 0 22. 2 
Sitillegmememeoey rare. mn el oe ee ee al 14.7 02,4 |e ee a eee 
DE RUST AULA RTS LS ORNs a a Dea ot ae di lg CEOs Re Cop Re nay aba) Tes 43. 8 28) Sulbee te ees 115 
i ALGTIG NAR ORV REE ee oe Be et 2 re Si a eee Bee Soe 8.0 Qe Sie Ses eee 13. 6 
Steolbissisae ca 5 2 ST ee RSA aig ss ee ee Os cee ieee oP a 18. 5 120.6 |. 23. 2| eee 
LVGirp Tee 3 ORE S14 (Gs SSS woe ee ee Se ee ee Ie eee eee 3.9 1.3 3.2 10.1 
SURI alas pie eee eS eee sg py a oe Pe les 3.5. |ae ase oe eee 
Dei ils a Sk gt ee a a ee Bp eve ae he eee ee Dee ye 2.5 3 9.6 6.0 
QIN TTS A UE Ne a AR ies i a POE oe ye ee rt Oe NS 2:0) \oo- 24 3S eee 
PUT CU arn UEO SCOT Ie aoe ee eee le ee ee |) 2 (Le eee 
Diet ki eee eae e ss he ir Sy Ps Oe es eee, ced ea Sy ee ee oe 2:0: |s.2-2-5. (eee 
TRE a Cie renee eR hs Pa er ee ee ep et gn ge Se 7.4 3.5 
HENCE Rc VEN C Reamer feta Cin! SR ee ee SU len ek Uy Le 19.2 | cs25 See 
SWB SULIT. 2 2 ay ee a 5 pd ge aaa ae a a PS i gy es ee Cs Ie ees Oa 19, 2) |S 
SARIGUE TAVAERY coe ou = A gM 5 ios a lee i re ae ee Ee ye es Oy eee ee ~6 |< sche ee 
Teanga rere od iy SES ee ee ee eee © Ree en ee en ae «4 |<. 2253355 bes pee 
ROU Tet tity ean getees Sere AP es eee eee. at Se et ee ae eh )) V4 ihe ee 
BIT Sent EO) Ei eke ees ct dere een SE Se a 12.5 35. 4 145.9 1-1 ay ¢ 
mim ber Of pigs lost. 22. 82<- 22 eee sod og eerie 314.8 403. 3 356. 8 329. 6 
Number offpigshweanedis: 232s 22k SU LE pee ssi ite its 685. 2 596. 7 643. 2 670. 4 
The relative importance of the pigs lost before weaning may be 
realized by comparing these losses with the uses made of the pigs 
which are weaned. ‘The average losses before weaning were 35.4 
per cent of the total number of spring and fall pigs farrowed in 1921 
and 1922. Of the 64.6 per cent which were weaned, 6 per cent 
died before reaching market, 7.4 per cent were selected for breeding 
purposes, 1.2 per cent were butchered for home use, and 50 per cent 
were sold on the markets. The number of pigs dying both before 
and after weaning was 41.4 per cent of the total number farrowed. 
This distribution of the pig crop is shown in Table 9. 
