MIXING EMULSIFIED OILS WITH WATERS AND SOLUTIONS. 5 
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND THEIR COMMERCIAL APPLI- 
CATION. 
Eesults obtained from experimental work show that about the 
same quantity of stabilizer is required to render an emulsion so that 
it will mix either with deep-well water or with various dilutions of 
lime-sulphur solution ranging from 1-10 to 1-100. 
When the combination of oil emulsion and lime-sulphur solution 
is properly made, it is a reasonably safe spray for either citrus 
foliage, branches, or fruit. If it is not made correctly and is ap- 
plied to the trees, considerable injury may follow. This spray in 
the hands of a competent grove manager will give satisfactory re- 
sults, but it is certainly not a combination that is adapted to the 
use of irresponsible or incompetent grove managers. 
This combination spray is highly effective when used against scale 
insects, white flies, and rust mites. Several citrus growers are using 
it exclusively in spraying for the control of insect pests and mites 
attacking citrus trees. The fungicidal effect of this combination 
spray is no more marked than when an equivalent dilution of lime- 
sulphur solution is used alone. 
The stabilized oil emulsions have met with much favor among 
many of the largest citrus growers in Florida, who no longer find 
any difficulty in using the untreated water from deep wells. 
LITERATURE CITED. 
(1) DeOng. E. R. 
1921. Selection and treatment of waters for spraying purposes with 
especial reference to Santa Clara Valley. In Calif. Agr. Exp. 
Sta. Bui. 338, p. 301-314, 2 fig. 
(2) Fuller, Myron L. 
1904. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States. 1903. 
United States Geol. Surv. Water-Supply Paper 102, 522 p. 
(3) Jones, Paul R. 
1918. Machine gun work with a new formula on red spiders in Tulare 
County. In Mo. Bui. State Com. Hort. [Calif.] v. 7, p. 455-457. 
( 4 ) 1919. Combined insecticide and fungicide. ( U. S. ) Patent No. 1291013 ) . 
In Off. Gaz. U. S. Patent Off., v. 258, p. 264. 
i 5 i Matson, George Charlton, and Sanford, Samuel. 
1913. Geology and ground waters of Florida. U. S. Geol. Surv. Water- 
Supply Paper 319, 445 p., illus. 
(6) Sellards, E. H., and Gunter, Herman. 
1913. The artesian water supply of eastern and southern Florida. In 
Fla. State Geol. Surv., 5th Ann. Rpt., p. 103-290, IT h;r.. pi. 
10-14. 
(7) 1 others, W. W. 
1918. Insecticide formula? for use with water from deep wells. In Fla. 
Grower, v. IS, no. 17, p. 5, illus. 
(8 1 1918. The mixing of oil emulsions with lime-sulphur solutions. In 
Fla. Grower, v. 18, no. 18, p. 4. 
(9 1 1918. Spraying for the control of insects and mites attacking citrus 
trees in Florida. U. S. Dept. Agr., Farmers' Bui. 933, 38 p., 
24 fig. 
