10 
BULLETIN 1183, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
LOAF VOLUME. 
The loaf volume obtained from the same samples of Marquis 
wheat is shown in Table 7. The average loaf volume for the 60 
tests is 2,260 cubic centimeters. The lowest loaf volume was obtained 
from a sample grown at Chico, Calif., in 1919, which produced a 
loaf measuring only 1,720 cubic centimeters. The largest loaf was 
obtained from a sample grown at Dickinson, N. Dak., in 1919, which 
produced a loaf measuring 2,860 centimeters. The 1919 samples 
averaged highest in loaf volume for all stations, and those for 1920 
averaged lowest. During the five-year period samples from Chico, 
Calif., averaged only 1,914 cubic centimeters, while the samples 
from Dickinson, N. Dak., produced the largest loaves, averaging 
2,574 centimeters. In the matter of loaf volume, it appears from 
the ranges given that locality has a greater influence than season. 
The average yearly range for the 12 stations was 790 cubic centimeters, 
while the average station range for the five crop years was only 482. 
The greatest range between stations for any crop year was 1,110 
cubic centimeters for the year 1919 and the greatest station range 
between crop years was 780 cubic centimeters for Aberdeen, Idaho. 
Table 7. — Annual and average volume of loaf of samples of Marquis wheat 
grown at 12 experiment stations in the western United States during the five 
years from 1917 to 1921, inclusive. 
Station. 
1917 
1918 
1919 
1920 
1921 
Average. 
Range. 
C.c. 
2,300 
2,180 
2, 350 
2,500 
2,150 
2, 240 
1,900 
2,530 
2,240 
2,125 
2,030 
2,260 
C.c. 
2,160 
2,090 
2,740 
2,370 
2,070 
2,440 
2,450 
2, 030 
2,600 
i 2, 240 
2,360 
2,000 
C.c. 
2,220 
2,490 
2,860 
2,360 
2,610 
2,340 
2,180 
2,430 
2,280 
2,300 
i 2. 700 
1,720 
C.c. 
2,330 
1,880 
2,330 
2, 430 
2,090 
2,260 
2, 420 
1,900 
2, 140 
2,440 
i 1,920 
1,800 
C.c. 
2,130 
2,460 
2,590 
2,140 
2,400 
2,070 
2,260 
2,290 
2,190 
2,330 
1 2, 150 
1,790 
C.c. 
2,228 
2,220 
2,574 
2,360 
2,264 
2, 270 
2,242 
2,236 
2,290 
2, 287 
2,232 
1,914 
C.c. 
200 
610 
530 
Mandan, N. Dak 
360 
540 
North Platte, Nebr... 
370 
550 
Lind, Wash 
630 
460 
315 
780 
Chico, Calif 
440 
2,234 
630 
2,296 
740 
2,374 
1,140 
2,162 
640 
2, 233 
800 
2, 260 
790 
482 
Grown under irrigation. 
SUMMARY OF INDIVIDUAL SAMPLES. 
These individual samples show that wide variations, due to both 
season and locality, occur within a variety in the principal milling 
and baking quality factors. The data show that in crude protein and 
volume of loaf locality has a greater influence than season, but just 
what peculiarity of conditions of either locality or season is most 
conducive to good results is not shown. No doubt soil fertility, soil 
condition as pertains to seed-bed preparation, time of sowing, stage 
of maturity at time of harvesting, weather conditions before seeding 
and during the growing season and at the time of maturity, and alti- 
tude, all combine to influence the resultant qualities of a sample. 
The data also show the necessity of obtaining a large number of 
samples in order to determine accurately the milling and baking 
values of different varieties of wheat. The milling quality of any 
variety from a single locality in any year therefore is unreliable in 
