12 BULLETIN 1184, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
tain mill rejected more than half of a lot of 300 samples of Pima 
submitted as No. 1. The writer examined samples of 18 bales re- 
jected by a mill from a lot of 100 bales after buying on samples sub- 
mitted, which samples showed the rough, ropy type. Another mill 
rejected 60 bales of a lot of 200. When mills reject cotton it costs 
them, as well as the shipper, considerable time and money for arbi- 
tration. Some mills want a certain type only, and when the cotton 
does not come up to this standard they will not accept the cotton 
even at a reduced price, for the reason that it is not suitable for 
their class of work. A manufacturer stated that he bought im- 
ported Egyptian cotton on type and had rejected only one bale 
in several years. If the Pima growers will establish a similar repu- 
tation for their product, and it can be done by proper methods of 
selecting and classing, one of the most important steps toward 
the success of the industry will have been taken. 
Comparatively few manufacturing plants have sufficient space in 
their opening room to mix and blend 40 or 50 bales of cotton. Most 
mills have mixing bins of a capacity of 15 to 25 bales, but there are 
many mills that have space for mixing 6 to 8 bales at a time. This 
last case is the one that should be kept in mind when considering the 
needs of field classing and field segregation of the cotton. When a 
manufacturer accepts a large order for high-quality goods he must 
be assured that each mixing of cotton in the opening room will have 
as nearly as possible the same characteristics as the preceding mix- 
ture, so that the entire lot of finished product will be the same. Un- 
der the present system of handling the cotton from the fields to the 
manufacturing centers, there is not sufficient assurance that uniform 
lots can be had, and it costs the manufacturers considerable to class 
and separate the cotton according to its different working qualities, 
so that the desired blend may be obtained. After all this preliminary 
classing by the various buyers and by the cotton specialist of the mill 
company, complete assurance is not given that each bale is uniform 
in content. 
Owing to the fact that labor is very cheap in Egypt the cotton is 
well mixed and blended by hand, both at the gin and at the compress, 
which accounts for the uniform lots of Sakellaridis cotton, reducing 
the rejections at the mills to a minimum. But the Egyptian method 
of producing even-running lots is not economical on the basis of 
American labor cost. However, the grower in the Salt River Valley 
can produce even-running and uniform lots of Pima cotton by the 
proper system of field classing and field segregation, which could be 
perfected and executed at a very small cost to the growers; in fact, 
it would not be a liability but an asset, for such a system properly 
carried out would be a considerable factor in creating a demand for 
Pima cotton. 
CLEAN UNIFORM STAPLE ADVANTAGEOUS TO MANUFACTURERS 
AND GROWERS. 
When it is considered that from 25 to 36 per cent of the cotton used 
in the manufacturing of fine yarns and sheer goods is discarded as 
waste, the urgent necessity for improved plans of production that 
will greatly reduce this high percentage of waste by producing a 
staple that is uniform in length and strength is evident. The waste 
