2 BULLETII^ 901, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
surprised when the smaller beetle was determined as ' 'Altica chdlyhea 
111., small form." When it was noted that the seasonal history and 
habits of the typical flea-beetle conformed quite closely with those 
usually ascribed to it, particularly by Slingerland (19) ^ and Hartzell 
(23, 24), and that those of the ''small form'' coincided with the 
discrepancies mentioned above, the writer became of the opinion that 
two economic species had been masquerading under a single name. 
The existence of two species instead of one had long been suspected 
by Mr. E. A. Schwarz, who determined the reared material, but in 
the absence of biological data which would differentiate them he 
had not previously thought it advisable to erect a new species. 
, It is obvious that the confusion of two pests that are similar but 
have different seasonal histories may lead to a serious confusion in the 
application of remedial measures. It is, therefore, the purpose of this 
paper in the account of these two species, Altica chalyhea 111. and A. 
woodsi, herein described as new, to give particular attention to 
structure and habits by which they may be distinguished. Where 
each species must be treated separately, the typical grapevine flea- 
beetle, being the one generally known, is first considered, and the 
''small form" is then compared with it. The data presented are 
based on rearing records and field observations made at North East. 
Pa., during the seasons of 1916 and 1917 and miscellaneous field 
observations during the two seasons previous.^ 
HISTORY. 
There are over 135 references to the grapevine flea-beetle in the 
literature of American economic entomology, a larger number of 
references than to any other American grape insect except the grape- 
vine rootworm (Fidia viticida Walsh). Since 1859 there has been at 
least one reference to it each year except during the years 1866, 1873, 
and 1875. Most of these references no doubt apply to the typical 
form. 
The grapevine flea-beetle was first described in 1807 by IlHger 
(1), who named it Haltica chalyhea. It was again described by Le 
Conte (2) as Galeruca jantJiina and later by Thomas (3) as CJirysomela 
vitivom. Harris (5) in 1835 placed C. vitivora Thomas as a synonym 
of H. chalyhea 111., and the same year Herrick (4) showed that 
G. janthina Lec. was a synonym of the same species. In most of 
the recent literature relating to this insect it has been designated 
under the generic name Haltica. Woods (26) has recently shown 
that the original spelhng Altica should be used instead of the 
amended form Haltica. 
1 Reference is made by number (italics) to "Literature cited," p. 26. 
2 During the season of 1916 the writer was assisted by Mr. James K. Primm. The writer is further in- 
debted to Mr. J. H. Paine for the photographs used in Plates II and III and to Mr. H. K. Plank for the 
photograph used in Plate IV, 
