ti i ■> ihTi'ii iiiiii mil 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
DEPARTMENT BULLETIN No. 1197 
Washington, D. C. 
February, 1924 
EXPERIMENTS WITH EMMER, SPELT, AND EINKORN 
By 
JOHN H. MARTIN and CLYDE E. LEIGHTY 
Agronomists, Office of Cereal Investigations 
Bureau of Plant Industry 
Introduction 
Characteristics of Emmer. Spelt, and Einkorn . 
History 
Distribution . . 
Bushel Weight 
Composition of Emmer, Spelt, and Einkorn . . 
Uses of Emmer, Spelt, and Einkorn 
Varieties 
Varietal Experiments 
CONTENTS 
Page 
Page 
Results in the South Atlantic Area . 17 
Results in the Mississippi and St. Lawrence Valleys . . 20 
Results in the Great Plains Area 30 
Results in the Western Basin and Coast Area .... 43 
Cultural Experiments 49 
Summary 53 
Conclusions ' 56 
Literature Cited 57 
WASHINGTON 
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 
1924 
!.%»-. 
