12 BULLETIX 1197 ? U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
According to Saunders 1 39 } . a variety with long, slender spikes 
and white glumes was grown in plat experiments in Canada under 
the name of " ; Long ,/ " emmer. It matured about two weeks later 
than Vernal, but apparently is quite similar to the White Winter 
(C. I. Xo. 3628), obtained from France by the department. 
Another variety, grown in limited experiments, differs from the 
others described here in having spikes somewhat clavate or clubbed 
at the tips. It was called Thick emmer by Saunders (39) , who states 
that it ripens approximately with Vernal. 
Red is a spring variety with long, slender spikes and red or brown 
glumes, which matures several days later than Vernal. It has been 
grown in plat experiments in Canada, but only in nursery rows in the 
United States. 
VARIETIES OF SPELT. 
Only five varieties of spelt have been grown in plat experiments in 
the United States within recent years. Several others have been 
grown in nursery experiments for observation, but they were not 
increased. It is believed that only two varieties are grown com- 
mercially in the United States, and these are of very minor impor- 
tance. 
ALSTROUM. 
Alstroum has long slender, lax, nodding, awnless spikes, and 
glabrous white glumes. It differs from White Spring, described 
later, principally in being a winter variety. The spikes are more 
nodding than those of the White Spring variety, and the stems show 
a trace of purple color. The spikes are almost free from the short 
apical or tip awns. Although a winter variety, Alstroum will mature 
seed even when sown in the spring. Alstroum was obtained by the de- 
partment from the Washington Agricultural Experiment Station in 
1901, but the previous history of the variety is not known. A selec- 
tion has been grown at Arlington Experiment Farm. Rosslvn, Va. r 
since 1911. 
Considerable quantities of Alstroum have been distributed to 
farmers during the past few years by the department from the Arling- 
ton Experiment Farm. It is now grown on a small acreage in 
Virginia, and commercial distribution of the seed is being made. 
RED WINTER. 
Red Winter, or Red, has long, slender, lax. erect, awnless spikes, and 
glabrous brown glumes. Although awnless, the spikes bear a few 
apical or tip awns (PI. II. B). In height, maturity, and straw color 
Red Winter is very similar to Alstroum. Like the latter variety 
it can be matured from spring sowing. This variety appears to he 
more hardy than any variety of winter emmer. 
Doubtless several lots of Red Winter have been introduced from 
Europe. The sample from which came the seed for most of the 
experiments here reported was obtained from the Washington Agri- 
cultural Experiment Station in 1901. Its previous history has not 
been determined. Seed of this variety imder the name ''Brown 
Winter" was introduced from Switzerland about 1913 by Paul 
Scheddiger. of Spearfish, S. Dak., and was distributed by him in 1915. 
It was sown on a considerable acreage in the Black Hills district of 
South Dakota and Wyoming, but was nearly all winterkilled during 
