EXPERIMENTS WITH EMMER, SPELT, AND EINKORN. 
23 
In the published reports the yields were given in bushels per acre, 
but the bushel weights used in calculating the yields of emmer were 
not stated. A weight of 40 pounds of emmer to the bushel has been 
assumed in converting bushels per acre into pounds per acre in 
Table 11. 
Barley yielded more than twice as much as emmer at Madison. 
The yields of oats also were considerably higher than those of emmer, 
indicating that emmer can not compete with these two crops in 
southern Wisconsin. 
Table 11.- 
Yields of one variety each of spring emmer, barley, and oats grown at Madison, 
Wis., in 1899, 1900, and 1901. 
[Data compiled from the annual reports of the Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station (32). The 
yields of emmer in pounds are calculated at 40 pounds per bushel from the yields in bushels given in 
these reports.] 
Crop and variety. 
Yields per acre (pounds). 
1899 
1900 
1901 Aa 1 
Emmer: Vernal (White Spring) 
Barley: Manchuria 
Oats: Swedish Select 
1,060 
2,372 
1,500 
1,200 
2,842 
2,064 
1,160 
2,097 
1,219 
1,140 
2,430 
1,594 
RESULTS AT ST. PAUL. MINN. 
The experiments with emmer at University Farm, St. Paul, 
Minn., were conducted independently by the Minnesota Agricultural 
Experiment Station, and the results here reported are used by 
courtesy of that station. The yields shown in Table 12 were furnished 
to the writers by Prof. A. C. Amy, in charge of farm crops. 
The 3-year average yield of Vernal (Minn. No. 1165) emmer is 
slightly less than that of Victory oats and considerably more than 
Improved Manchuria barley. Considering both yield and feeding 
value, the three crops are nearly equal. The results of the tests of 
only three years, however, are not conclusive. 
Table 12. — Yields of one variety each of spring emmer, barley, and oats grown at 
University Farm, St. Paul, Minn., in 1919, 1920, and 1921. 
[Data furnished by courtesy of the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station.] 
Crop and variety. 
Yields per acre (pounds). 
1919 
1920 1921 Average 
Emmer: Vernal (White Spring) 
Barley: Improved Manchuria . . 
Oats: Victory 
1, 403 
1,710 
1, 392 
1,778 
1,340 
2,046 
1,605 
1,292 
1,410 
1,595 
1,447 
1,616 
RESULTS AT MORRIS, MINN. 
Yields of emmer were obtained during three years at the West 
Central substation of the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment 
Station at Morris, Minn. The experiments were conducted in- 
dependently by the Minnesota station and reported by Miller (31) 
in the 1918 report of the West Central substation. The yields are 
shown in Table 13. 
