26 
BULLETIN 1197. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Several practically identical lots of Vernal emmer produced 
very similar yields. The Yaroslav variety, apparently identical 
with Vernal, yielded an average of -186 pounds per acre less than 
Vernal during the years in which Yaroslav was grown. Co mm on 
einkorn was grown from spring sowing for five years, but it yielded 
distinctly less than the other crops. Emmer was not grown during 
the years 1909 to 1921. inclusive. During the remainder of the years 
from 1904 to 1919, inclusive. Vernal emmer produced an average 
yield of 1.818 pounds per acre. The average acre yields of Manchuria 
barley and Sixty-Day oats during the same years were 2. OSS and 
2,004 pounds, respectively. Emmer evidently can not compete 
with barley and oats under the conditions obtaining at Brookings. 
although it occasionally gives higher yields than either of these crops. 
RESULTS AT FARGO, N. DAK. 
Experiments with emmer were begun at Fargo. X. Dak., in 1898. 
earlier than at most of the stations here included. The results ob- 
tained by the Xorth Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, mostly 
injcooperation with the Office of Cereal investigations previous to 
1907. were reported by Shepperd and Churchill (47) in Bulletin Xo. 
75 of the Xorth Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station. The yields 
obtained since that time have not yet been published and are used 
here by courtesy of the Xorth Dakota Agricultural Experiment Sta- 
tion, the data being furnished by T. E. Stoa. assistant agronomist 
of that station. 
Vernal emmer was grown continuously from 1898 to 1913, inclusive, 
but the crop was drowned out in 1905 and 1909. Two other varieties 
of emmer and one variety each of spelt and einkorn. the yields of 
which are not shown, were grown during several years, but they 
yielded considerably less than the Common or Vernal emmer. The 
annual and average yields of Vernal emmer compared with barley and 
oats at Fargo are shown in Table 17. 
Table 17. — Yields of spring emmer, barley, and oats grown at Fargo. 
years during the period from 1S9S to 1913, inclusive. 1 
X. Dak., in stated 
[Data mostly used by courtesy of the Xorth Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station.] 
Crop and variety. 
Yields per acre (bushels). 
1S9S 
1S99 
1900 1901 1902 
1903 
1904 
Emmer: Vernal (White Spring: X. Dak. Xo. 
305) 
Barley: Manchuria (X. Dak. Xo. S71) - 
Oats:" Lincoln 
! 2,336 
2,304 
2,205 
2.212 
2.415 
2. 173 
1,348 2.344 3,252 
'600 2.162 2,673 
S5S 1. $40 1. OSS 
1,864 
1,S91 
2,115 
1,840 
1,517 
2.096 
Yields per acre (pounds . 
Crop and variety. 
1906 
1907 
1908 1910 
1911 
1912 
- 
1913 
Aver- 
age. 
Emmer: Vernal ( White Sprina: X. 
Dak. Xo. 305) 
Barley: Manchuria (X. Dak. Xo. 871 ; 
Oats:" Lincoln 
900 
720 
1. 39S 
3.120 
2,918 
1,760 
2. 528 
2. 92$ 
3.040 
2. 66> 
1.646 
1.699 
1.148 
821 
1.149 
1,980 
2.357 
2. 858 
1,992 
3,192 
2. 474 
2,109 
2.010 
1.911 
1 Crop drowned out in 1905 and 1909. 
- Yields of Manchuria < Mansury) barley (N. Dak. Xo. 252) used from 1$9S to 1900, inclusive. 
