EXPERIMENTS WITH EMMEE, SPELT, AND EINKOKN. 43 
RESULTS IN THE WESTERN BASIN AND COAST AREA. 
The cultivated land in the area lying west of the Rocky Mountains 
is located mostly in elevated basins and plateaus and in the interior 
and coastal valleys. The altitude of the farming lands in these 
sections varies from slightly above sea level to more than 8,000 feet. 
The annual precipitation ranges from less than 5 inches in southern 
Arizona to more than 100 inches in districts along the coast of Wash- 
ington and Oregon. 
There is a wide variet}^ of soils and cropping conditions. The 
principal cereal-producing sections are the Palouse section of Wash- 
ington and Idaho, the Columbia Basin of Washington and Oregon, 
and the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys of California. A 
considerable acreage of grain is grown also in southern Idaho, 
northern Utah, and in the humid valleys of California and Oregon. 
Experiments with emmer and spelt have been conducted coopera- 
tively by the Office of Cereal Investigations at seven stations in the 
Western Basin and Pacific Coast area. In addition to these, the 
published results from six other stations are here included. Most 
of the data are for rather short periods, but this is due to the fact 
that, in general, emmer and spelt have been rather unpromising. 
RESULTS AT COCHISE, ARIZ. 
Yields of emmer and spelt obtained at the Sulphur Springs Valley 
Dry Farm near Cochise, Ariz., were reported by McOmie and others 
{29) in Bulletin 84 of the Arizona Agricultural Experiment Station. 
In 1914 the crops were irrigated, but the yields obtained were very 
small, due to damage by rabbits. Only 111 pounds of Black Winter 
emmer and 150 pounds of Red Winter spelt per acre were harvested. 
Yields of barley and oats as well as emmer and spelt were obtained 
in 1915 on dry land. Spelt produced 633 pounds, emmer 572 pounds, 
six-rowed barley 969 pounds, and Red Rustproof (Red Texas) oats 
296 pounds. An additional plat of Red Winter spelt which was sown 
early yielded considerably more than barley. 
RESULTS AT PHOENIX, ARIZ. 
Yields of one variety each of emmer and spelt at Phoenix, Ariz. r 
grown in the season of 1915 were reported by McOmie {28, p. 520) 
in the annual report of the Arizona Agricultural Experiment Station 
for that year. The yields obtained on irrigated land are as follows: 
Black Winter emmer, 3,630 pounds; Red Winter spelt, 2,970 pounds; 
Red Rustproof oats, 2,970 pounds; and Utah winter barley, 3,685 
pounds. Barley is usually the most productive of the small grains 
for feed in southern Arizona. 
RESULTS AT PRESCOTT, ARIZ. 
Experiments with emmer, spelt, barley, and oats resulted in almost 
complete failures at the Prescott, Ariz., Dry Farm, due to winter- 
killing, drought, and rodent damage. The small yields of spelt, oats, 
and barley obtained, as reported by McOmie and others {29), are 
shown in Table 42. Red Winter spelt produced a higher average 
yield than Utah Winter barley and Black oats, but all yields were 
very low. During the same two years Turkey winter wheat, the 
yields of which are not shown in the table, produced more than twice 
as much as the Red Winter spelt. Wheat was much more productive 
than the other small-grain crops at Prescott. 
