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amoeboid larva ; but this most interesting developmental difference 
does not seem to be accompanied by any structural features in tbe 
adult animal, and consequently it becomes impossible to distinguish 
the genus unless one examines the animal alive and at the breeding 
season. 
I have therefore found it impossible to follow Lacaze-Duthiers 
in his primary division of the Molgulidae, and have been compelled 
in classifying the “ Challenger ” species to consider Anurella and 
Molgula as one genus. Whether Ctenicella , separated from 
Molgula , on account of its laciniated lobes round the apertures, 
will stand as a good genus, I am uncertain. The character is a 
useful one for working with, and the structure of the apertures 
seems always an important point in the Tunicata. Ctenicella 
does not occur in the “ Challenger ” collection. The two remaining 
genera, Molgula and Eugyra i seem natural groups, and are both 
represented in the collection. 
In addition to the above, I have had to found a new genus 
Ascopera for the reception of two large species from the Antarctic. 
Stimpson’s Clandula , usually considered one of the Molgulidae, 
belongs to the sub-family Styelinae of the Cynthiadae. 
Molgula gig ant ea, Cunningham. 
This large species, first found by Professor R. 0. Cunningham 
in the “ Nassau ” expedition, and described by him as Cynthia 
gigantea , was taken in considerable numbers by the “ Challenger ” 
in the Strait of Magellan. 
Station 313; 55 fathoms. 
Molgida gregaria , Lesson. 
The Cynthia gregaria of the “ Centurie Zoologique ” seems 
identical with specimens dredged by the “’Challenger” at Station 
315 (Falkland Islands), 5 to 10 fathoms. The species was also 
obtained at this locality by Professor Cunningham in the 
“ Nassau.” 
Molgida pedunculata , n. sp. 
External appearance. — Shape ovate or pyriform, elongated trans- 
versely, the ventral edge forming a short thick stalk, the rest of the 
