of Edinburgh, Session 1881-82. 
381 
firmed the main discovery of Cienkowski, since he finds the yellow 
cells to survive for no less than two months after the death of the 
Badiolarian, and even to continue to live in the gelatinous investment 
from which the protoplasm had long departed in the form of swarm- 
spores. He sums up strongly in favour of their parasitic nature, 
urging, besides the arguments of Cienkowski and Hertwig, their 
great agreement in families otherwise widely different. The exist- 
ence of similar cells in certain Actinians, and their resemblance to a 
parasitic organism discovered by him in Adinosphcerium , , as well 
as the fact that they first make their appearance in the outer parts 
of the jelly of the young Collozoum , and gradually make their way 
inwards. He found, too, that the nuclei of the yellow cells stains 
more deeply with carmine than that of the Badiolarian, and, 
although failing to confirm Haeckel’s discovery of starch, he con- 
cluded that the membrane consists of cellulose, since it gave a 
bluish tinge with acid solution of iodine. 
Meanwhile similar paradoxical bodies were being described by the 
investigators of other animal groups. Haeckel had already compared 
the yellow cells of Badiolarians to the liver cells of Velellaf but the 
brothers Hertwig f first called attention to the subject by expressing 
their opinion that the well-known “ pigment bodies ” described by 
Heider J and others in the endoderm cells of the tentacles of many 
sea-anemones were also parasitic algae. This opinion was founded 
on their occasional occurrence outside the body of the anemone, on 
their irregular distribution in various species, and on their resem- 
blance to the yellow cells of Badiolarians. But they failed to 
demonstrate the presence of starch, cellulose, or chlorophyll. My 
friend, Dr. Angelo Andres, has also studied them in many genera 
and species of anemones. Korotneff§ has recently described and 
figured similar cells from the endoderm of Myriotliela , and M. de 
Merejkowsky informs me that he has made similar observations in 
two Infusorians, Ceratium tripos and Vortieella , n. sp. Moseley || 
has observed somewhat similar bodies in Orbitolites , and LankesterU 
* Log. cit. 
f “ Die Actinien,” Jena Zeitschr., 1879, p. 495, plate xix. 
+ “ Ueber Sagartia troglodytes ,” Sitzungsb. d. Wien. Alcad., 1877, p. 385. 
§ On “ Myriothela (Bussian),” Soc. Nat. Hist. Moscow, 1881. 
|| Notes of a Naturalist on the Challenger, p. 293. 
II “ On Haliphysema Quart. Jour. Micro. Sci., 1879, p. 482. 
