of Edinburgh, Session 1881 - 82 . 
521 
almost horizontal. From the root of the lower transverse process 
of the 4th, 5th, and 6th a stout conical process projects forwards. 
The dorsal vertebrae increased in magnitude from before back- 
wards. The 1st had a vertical diameter to the summit of the 
spine of 13J inches, and a transverse, between the tips of the 
transverse processes, of 19|- inches. The last dorsal had a vertical 
diameter of 22f inches, and a transverse of 30 inches. All the 
dorsal vertebras were marked by an articular surface for a rib at the 
free end of the transverse process. They were not keeled on the 
ventral surface of the body. 
The lumbar vertebrae were, as a rule, somewhat bigger than the 
hinder dorsal, and reached their maximum at the 8th, 9th, and 
10th. The 9th lumbar had a vertical diameter of 24 J inches, and 
a transverse of 31 inches. Behind the 10th the transverse and 
spinous processes gradually diminished in their amount of projection 
as they passed back into the caudal region, and in the 12th 
vertebra from the end of the tail the transverse process was repre- 
sented by a faint ridge on the side of the body, and the spine was 
rudimentary. In the 9th vertebra from the end of the tail the 
spine and laminae had disappeared, and the neural canal was repre- 
sented by a groove, which was faintly seen on the two vertebrae 
next behind, and then disappeared. In the 12th vertebra from 
the end of the tail a foramen, directed vertically, was situated at 
the root of the rudimentary transverse process, and a similar foramen 
was found in the caudals up to and including the 18th from the 
end of the tail. This arrangement closely resembles that figured by 
Budolphi in the Berlin skeleton. The lumbars were all keeled on 
the ventral surface of the body, though, as a rule, the keel was 
slight in relation to the size of the bone. 
Eleven chevron bones were present. The articulations for the 
chevron bones began on the 1 5th vertebra of the lumbo-caudal series 
(counting from the front) in a pair of surfaces situated at the pos- 
terior border of the ventral surface of the body of that vertebra ; 
and distinct articulations for these bones could be seen as far back as 
the 27th lumbo-caudal vertebra. Hence I have regarded all the 
vertebrae behind the 14th lumbar as caudal vertebrae. In the 1st 
caudal the ventral keel was very slight, and a shallow groove was 
seen posteriorly between the articulations for the 1st chevron bone. 
