36 HARDY CHINESE P^EONIAS & HELLEBORUS OR CHRISTMAS & LENTEN ROSES. 
PyEONIAS — continued. each— i. d, 
1917 Bosauet, intense crimson-purple , golden 
centre i o 
1918 Buyckii, intense crimson-pur pic, rose scented i 6 
1919 Caroline Allain, guard petals blush, centre 
primrose, fragrant i 6 
1920 Centifolia, pure white , slightly mottled 
crimson 2 6 
1921 Charles Binder, rich magenta-) ose, tipped 
white i 6 
1922 Cythere, guard petals blush, centre sul- 
phur-7uhite i 6 
1923 Decandolle, purplish-rose , very large, rose 
scented 2 6 
1924 Doctor Bretonneau, guard petals satin- 
rose, white centre 2 6 
1925 Doyenne d’Eng'hein, rose-magenta i o 
1926 Due de Cazes, rose, shading to purple , 
rose scented i o 
1927 Duchesse de Modena, guard petals rose, 
centre blush i 6 
1928 Eclatante,y£>/* rose i o 
1929 Edulis superba, carmine-rose !.... 2 6 
1930 Etendard de Grand Homme, brilliant 
magenta-rose, very large, rose scented ... 2 6 
1931 Faust, blush white, very large 1 6 
1932 Flore de Doual, rich crimson, golden centre 2 6 
1933 Formosa, guard petals blush, centreprimrose 1 o 
1934 Francois Ortigat, rose, tinged purple, rose 
scented r 6 
1935 General Bedeau, guard petals rose, centre 
sulphur and yellow, fragrant 2 6 
1936 Gloire de Patriae, pink, very large 1 6 
1937 Humei, rose-purple 1 o 
1938 „ camea, blush 1 6 
1939 Josephine Parmentler, rose, tinged pur- 
ple, rose scented 2 6 
1940 Isabelle Karlitzky, guard petals rose, 
centre creamy-white 2 6 
1941 La Sublime, rose, shading to lilac 1 o 
1942 Lucrece, guard petals peach , centre white, 
fragrant x 6 
1943 Madame Calot, rose-purple, golden centre 1 6 
1944 ,, Guerin, rose-carmine 2 6 
1945 ,, Vilmorin, guard petals blush, 
centre white 2 6 
each — s. 
1946 Madame Lebon, rich purple-rose , rose 
scented 2 
1947 , , Furtado, guard petals magenta- 
rose, centre rose, tinted lilac, 
rose scented 2 
1948 Magniflca, pink, changing to blush , very 
large 2 
1949 Marginata, guard petals rose-pink , centre 
salmon , fragrant 2 
1950 Marquis de Lory, pure white 2 
1951 Monsieur Rousselon, white, tinged rose... 2 
1952 ,, de Villeneuve, rich purple-rose, 
very large 2 
1953 Officinale albo pleno, white, early bloomer 1 
1954 ,, anemoneflora pleno, rich 
purple-crimson 1 
1955 ,, roseo pleno, rich glittering rose 1 
1QRI! • - 
1957 Plenissima superba, fine rose 2 
1958 Pottsii, rich magenta-crimson , golden centre 1 
1959 Prince Antoine d’Arenberg, rose-lilac ... 1 
1960 ,, Charles, guard petals rose-purple , 
centre chamois, tinged purple ... 1 
1961 ,, Prosper, rich purple-magenta, 
golden centre 1 
1962 Purpurea, purple-crimson 1 
1963 ,, superba, rich magenta-purple 2 
1964 Rosea perfecta,y?»<? rose-carmine 1 
1966 ,, quintal, fine rose 1 
1966 ,, superba, fine blush rose 1 
1967 Reine des Roses, guard petals deep rose, 
centre chamois-rose 1 
1968 Rosamond, bright rose, very large 2 
1969 Souvenir d’Auguste Miellex, rich glitter- 
ing purple 2 
1970 ,, de Gasper Calot, bright rose, 
shaded purple, and margined pink 2 
1971 Tenuifolia, crimson, very dwarf andelegant 1 
1972 ,, fl. pi , double crimson, dwarf, 
and elegant 1 
1973 Triomphe de Paris, guard petals pure 
white , centre primrose 2 
1974 Versicolor, rose-lilac 1 
1975 W alneriana, g uard pet a Is bl ush, sen ire wh ite 2 
d. 
6 
6 
6 
6 
6 
6 
6 
6 
o 
6 
o 
6 
o 
o 
6 
o 
6 
6 
6 
o 
6 
6 
6 
6 
6 
o 
6 
6 
6 
6 
HELLEBORUS OR CHRISTMAS AND LENTEN ROSES. 
Our English gardens now foster hardy plants in permanent flower borders, and amongst these an honourable 
place has been given to the decorative varieties of Christmas and Lenten Roses, as representing Winter and 
Spring flowers. There is much diversity in the family, and owing to the dividing lines between the species being 
somewhat obscure, much confusion has arisen in the nomenclature. Mr. Baker, ever ready to assist the horti- 
culturist, prepared an admirable monograph of the genus, which appeared in The Gardeners Chronicle, 1877. 
The monograph may thus be epitomised : — 
The genus Helleborus is represented by six species or heads of families, viz. H. vesicarius, of Mount 
Cassius, near Antioch, a plant not yet introduced into cultivation ; H. fzlidus and H. lividus, both handsome 
ornamental foliage plants ; H. niger, the Christmas Rose, with its geographical varieties, minor, major, and 
maximus; II. viridis and II. orientalis, the Lenten Roses, which have njany geographical varieties. The 
Viridis section is distinguished by its deciduous foliage which reappears early in Spring, associated with flowers 
which range from green to dove-purple. Three of these are illustrated in the coloured plate which accompanied 
I he Garden of 19th July, 1879. The geographical varieties of the type Viridis are Dumetorum, Laxus, Bocconi, 
Cyclophyllus, Graveolens, Intermedius, Cupreus, Purpurascens, and a charming dove-purple coloured species, 
Atropurpureus. The Orientalis group has the leaves coriaceous and persistent, with a polished green surface, and 
the segments generally conspicuously toothed ; the flowers are usually large, the sepals frequently imbricated 
and assuming a bell-shaped form, surmounted on stems two or three times forked, thus forming a showy branched 
panicle of flowers, which range in colour from the richest crimson to white ; six of these are illustrated in the 
coloured plate which accompanied The Garden of 19th July, 1879. The geographical varieties of the type 
Orientalis are Antiquorum, Guttatus, Olympicus, Pallidus, Caucasicus, Odor us, Atrorubens , Colchicus, and 
Abchasicus. 
From these Orientalis varieties came many beautiful sorts raised in England and on the Continent. Our 
friends on the Continent appear to have made their crosses systematically, and have secured excellent results. 
The new kinds which have been raised in England arc apparently the result of accidental seeding. The so-called 
Berlin varieties have been much over-estimated, and it is to be regretted that the introducer was not better 
acquainted with the recognized species, as we find he has given fanciful names to such sorts as Olympicus, 
Antiquorum, &c. 
The garden varieties of the Orientalis section of Lenten Roses which we catalogue are important additions, and 
will be found attractive in the flower garden, or cultivated in pots for greenhouse decoration. I'he coloured plate 
in The Gardai of 19th July, 1879, ma y he taken as a sample of those enumerated by us. It illustrates nine species 
and varieties. We have secured a supply of these coloured plates, as representing the Spring flowering Lenten 
Roses, and those of our customers who have not seen it, and intend purchasing these plants from us, can have the 
plate forwarded free of cost on application. 
Mr. Moore, Curator of the Chelsea Botanic Gardens, has been studying the Helleborus family in conjunction 
f Barr and Sugden, 
