are known as "starters." But after years 
of trial I am convinced that it pays to use 
the large pieces in the sections. Your hon- 
ey will be fancier in grade, and your crate 
of it will likely be finished and ready to re- 
move from the hive from one to three weeks 
sooner than another in which there were 
starters alone. You can see that this counts 
up fast, since the season for surplus extends 
usually through not more than two months. 
SMOKER, VEIL, 
GLOVES. 
A smoker is 
a nicely model- 
ed hand bellows 
withfire-pot 
and nozzle 
through which 
smoke is blown 
over the bees as 
you lift a crate 
of honey off the 
hive, or into the 
hive entrance if 
you wish to open 
it, particularly if your bees should be at all 
cross. Every beginner will feel safer to have 
his smoker, though experienced apicultu- 
rists often work all day without it. You 
could make your own veil of black mos- 
quito-netting, but I think it best to buy. 
They come nicely made, bound on the 
edges, fitted with rubber cord at the top and 
bottom, gather about your hat and shoul- 
ders tightly, and cost but forty cents. 
Mine has been continuously used for twelve 
years and is yet good. My smoker I have 
used steadily for twenty years. I put down 
no figure for gloves to protect hands. Any 
holeless pair of old skin gloves will answer. 
Not all your first outlay need come at 
once. Buy a book treating of the honey-bee 
The Root Junior Smoker. 
17 
