16 
sprayed they raise their honey tubes and remain in this attitude in all 
dead specimens. The wash can be used at any time and upon any 
plants with safety at 1 pound saponified resin in 12 or 15 gallons of 
water, and even stronger. 
I have used 1 part of compound to 20 parts of water with some 
tobacco decoction and it still spread well and destroyed the Phorodon. 
Eesin compound, 1 pint; tobacco water (1 pound of tobacco stems 
boiled to 4 gallons decoction), one-half pint; water, 14 pints. This 
destroyed all the lice, yet I am not prepared to say what effect it will 
have upon the predaceous insects living upon them. 
As a penetrating and adherent basis for any insecticide or fungicide, 
resin compound stands at the head. 
Quassia and soap J^o. 1. — This is the same as given by Mr. Alwood, as 
follows: Quassia, 6 pounds; soap, 3 pounds ; water, 100 gallons. This 
was sprayed on Phorodon upon prunes at various points and the result 
was not satisfactory. The numerous ants attending the Aphidids were 
not destroyed by this wash, and they carried off all the lice not destroyed 
by the application the following day, leaving the immature lice dead 
upon the leaves. The action of the quassia is very slow and considera- 
ble time elapses before the lice are all destroyed. Quassia, 1 pound f 
soap No. 1, one pound ; water 22 gallons, gave results similar to the 
above. These washes do not spread so well as the fish oil and resin 
washes, and many lice escape in consequence. They furnish, however, 
a fairly good remedy, but the quassia chips are somewhat expensive, 
being sold here last year, I am informed, at 10 cents per pound, retail 
price. The present season the price is 6 cents per pound. While in 
Oregon I met with an English gentleman who is also selling quassia 
chips in England at a price less than 2 cents per pound, and he assured 
me that he is deriving a profit of 35 per cent, and I have been informed 
from various sources that dealing in quassia in this country is a very 
profitable business. As employed at present, 8 pounds of quassia and 
6 pounds of whale-oil soap are used in 100 gallons of water, the ingre- 
dients costing something like 96 cents. 
Sapocarbol. — This is a highly spoken of German remedy against vari- 
ous CoccidaB and Aphididse, and is in use against the Hop Louse. Mr. 
Kola Keis, of Springfield, Oregon, received a sample from the manu- 
facturers and I had opportunity to test it. The article is diluted to 
from one-half to 3 per cent strength with water. It was used upon 
Phorodon upon prune first at 2 per cent strength. This spread well 
•r.nd killed every louse, yet burned the leaves badly. At 1 per cent the 
wash was still soapy, spread well, and killed all the lice, yet left marks on 
the leaves where the lice were thickest. The substance is a good insecti- 
cide, but costs too much for popular use, being sold at the factory in 
Eisenbiittel at 80 marks per 100 kilograms. 
In the spring, from two to three weeks after the appearance of the 
leaves on Plum and Prune upon terminal twigs, the stem mothers 
