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the trellis of the grapevines, is Dr. Hedges' second pear orchard. 
This is only about 200 feet distant from the infested orchard, but con- 
siderably lower than the latter, and proved to be absolutely free from 
scales. A careful examination was made of all trees (apple, peach, 
pear, oak, chestnut) on the lawn which joins the infested orchard on 
the north side, but no trace of the scale could be found here. Under 
the kind guidance of Dr. Hedges the orchards north and northeast of 
the infested place were visited and carefully examined. As a result it 
may safely be asserted that the Scale has not yet spread from the 
infested orchard in three directions, viz, north, east, and Avest. The 
only exception is formed by a little Purple Plum tree (not quite 3 feet 
high), which stands between the orchard and the main street (about 8 
feet distant from the former), and which is badly infested. A Mag- 
nolia tree and a Weeping Elm close by are not infested. 
Toward the south side, however, the insect was found to have spread 
into the adjoining garden belonging to Judge Reeves. This is a flower 
garden rather than an orchard, but contains various fruit trees, which 
are much older than those in Dr. Hedges' orchard. Scales in moderate 
number were found here on a peach tree, some pear trees (a sort of 
Bartlett pear), and on two rosebushes. There were none on the apple 
trees, nor could any be seen on other cultivated plants. Adjoining 
this garden further south is that belonging to Mr. Robertson, and here 
only a few specimens of the scale could be found on a single pear tree. 
Beyond this point the insect could not be traced further in any direc- 
tion. The apple trees (all old trees) at the foot of the ridge south of 
this garden were examined without success, as well as many pear trees 
growing in gardens in the city, and more especially some gardens near 
the depot (2 miles from Dr. Hedges' place). 
There can not be the slightest doubt that Dr. Hedges' orchard is the 
focus from which the Scale has spread somewhat in a southerly direc- 
tion. There can not further be any doubt that the Scale is a recent 
importation, as is evident from the small area occupied by it, and fur- 
ther from the fact that the insect has not yet acquired that polyphagous 
habit which it possesses on the Pacific Coast. 
Regarding the mode of importation nothing definite could be ascer- 
tained. Dr. Hedges has never bought any nursery stock or other 
plants from California; his oldest trees were purchased eight years ago 
from a New York nursery ; other trees were bought three years ago 
from the Berckmans nurseries at Augusta, G-a., and about two years ago 
another lot of trees was obtained from a nursery at Crozet, Va. I sug- 
gested to Dr. Hedges that the trees from the latter source may have 
been infested, since the time when they were set out coincides with the 
time when the Scale was first noticed in the orchard; but he is positive 
that these trees were at first not infested and that the Scales were first 
noticed by him at another place in his orchard among his oldest pear 
trees, which stand near the old currant patch mentioned above. These 
